恐怖の笑顔

恐怖の笑顔 https://ameblo.jp/kyoufunoegao/ Todo es Horrible... O Terriblemente Bello... ja Trauma Based Mind Control - Global War Mindset Generations

World War I
- 1918 flu: vaccine-induced disease caused by extreme body poisoning from the conglomeration of many different vaccines, described as "the greatest medical holocaust in history".
- Chemical weapons, Largest vaccination campaign in U.S. history...
- Independence of Estonia, Lithuania, Ukraine, Belarus, Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Austria, Irish Republic, German Revolution, Russian Revolution...
- The Balfour Declaration, League of Nations, Council on Foreign Relations, Royal Air Force, League of Women Voters, League of Red Cross Societies, Code of Canon Law...
- Fiat currency regulations, Banknotes...

World War II
- Nuclear attacks: Atomic Bombs of Hiroshima (Uranium) and Nagasaki (Plutonium).
- Remotely controlled aircrafts, Cluster bombs, Napalm development, Manhattan Project, Large-scale Foot-and-Mouth Disease vaccine production, Biological warfare trials...
- Operation Paperclip (precursor of MK-ULTRA program), New sciences like Cybernetics, Barcode...
- The London Declaration, United Nations, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Council of Europe, RAND Corporation, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, International Monetary Fund, World Bank, International Trade Organization, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, United States Council for International Business, Organization of American States, CIA, State of Israel, Federal Republic of Germany, Constitution of Japan, North & South Korea, Youth for Christ International, World Council of Churches, Apartheid, International Union for the Protection of Nature, Nuremberg Trials, Geneva Conventions, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Industrial and Commercial Finance Corporation (UK), Finance Corporation for Industry (UK)...
- Bretton Woods system, International monetary system based on convertibility of the various national currencies into U.S. dollar...

Vietnam War
- Approximately 2,756,941 tons of bombs on Cambodia over 5 years.
- Apollo Program, The Phoenix Program, BLU-82B/C-130 weapon system, Concentrated herbicides (20 million gallons), Agent orange (12 million gallons), Anthrax vaccine license...
- Anti-War Movement, Environmental Movement, National Youth Movement, New Age Movement, International Health Regulations, Oil crisis, Comercial Barcode system, Conjugate coding...
- Trilateral Commission, Club of Rome, Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, UN University, UN Environment Programme, UN Development Programme, Outer Space Treaty, African Development Bank, Asian Development Bank, Association of Southeast Asian Nations, Society of Saint Pius X, General Instruction of the Roman Missal, Group of National Associations of Manufacturers of Agrochemical Products, Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research, Finance for Industry (UK), Government Population Panel (UK)...
- Suspended convertibility of U.S. dollar to gold...

Gulf War
- Coalition force from 34 nations with United Nations authorization ("all necessary means to uphold and implement Resolution 660").
- Gulf War syndrome, Anthrax vaccination, Depleted uranium, Precision-guided munitions, Global Positioning System, Televised war, U.S. policy regarding media freedom much more restrictive than in the Vietnam War...
- UN Conference on Environment and Development, Agenda 21, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Oil price shock, Largest oil spill in history, Economic recession, World Wide Web project, Global Environment Facility, Quantum cryptography...
- New World Order announcement, Queen Elizabeth II first British monarch to address United States Congress, Optimum Population Trust, Collapse of the Soviet Union, Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia), New Catechism of the Catholic Church, African Monetary Union...
- Maastricht Treaty, Creation of the euro currency...

War on Terror
- WTC: Nano-thermite.
- Iraq: Invasion without United Nations authorization, Nearly 2,000 tons of depleted uranium bombs.
- Worldwide anti-war protest, the largest protest in human history, The most widely and closely reported war in military history, Quantum computation roadmap...
- Acts, bills, legislation and taxes, Energy and financial crisis, Economic recession, Dramatic increases in world food prices, CropLife International, Inter-American Democratic Charter...
- Euro coins and banknotes enter circulation...

World War III
- Genetically modified, poisoned and radiated food, Water fluoridation, Pandemic viruses and nano vaccines, Mind and body scanners, Electronic surveillance, RFID and nano chips...
- DNA computing and nanotechnology, Genome project, Military cyborgs and drones, State terrorism, HAARP, Chemtrails, Human cloning, Weather manipulation, Asteroids and fake alien invasion...
- Acts, bills, legislation and taxes, Energy and financial crisis, Economic recession, Dramatic increases in world food prices, Martial law, Media, social and academic programming, Corporate fascism...
- New World Order, Global government, Tyranny, Genocide, Depopulation, Enslavement, Mind control, Satanism...
- Global and electronic currency...

Dates

					Balkan Wars
World War I	:		1914-1919	(de jure)	European & Russian Wars
World War II	:	(+20)	1939-1945		Asian & Israel Wars
Vietnam War	:	(+20)	1965-1973	(US Ground war)	African & Afghan Wars
Gulf War	:	(+18)	1991		African & Balkan Wars
War on Terror	:	(+10)	2001-2003	(WTC & Iraq)	Afghan Wars
World War III

		Estimated Deaths
World War I	:	From 9 to 16.5 million

World War II	:	From 62 to 78 million

World War I	World War II
League of Nations	United Nations

- International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation	- UNESCO
- Health Organization	- World Health Organization
- Permanent Court of International Justice	- International Court of Justice
- Permanent Central Opium Board	- International Narcotics Control Board
- International Labour Organization	- International Labour Office
- Several Commissions	- United Nations Security Council
	- Food and Agriculture Organization
	- International Civil Aviation Organization
	- International Maritime Organization
	- International Telecommunication Union
	- Universal Postal Union
	- Trusteeship Council
	- Commission on Human Rights
	- Economic Commission for Latin America

World War III

]]> https://ameblo.jp/kyoufunoegao/entry-10549982220.html Mon, 31 May 2010 00:00:00 +0900 Wyeth - Products

Products

2009
- Enbrel (etanercept) is approved for the treatment of chronic severe plaque psoriasis in children aged 8 years and above, making it the only biologic treatment approved for use in children.
- CONBRIZA is approved in the European Union for treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis in women at increased risk of fracture.
- Chilean Ministry of Health becomes first government agency to approve Prevenar 13 Valent, Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine 13 Valent (Diphtheria CRM197 Protein), for infants and young children aged 6 weeks through 5 years.

2008
- Launch of generic version of PROTONIX tablets, in response to the at-risk launch of generic pantoprazole tablets in the U.S. by Teva Pharmaceuticals USA Inc.
- New recombinant XYNTHA available for patients with hemophilia A, a rare, inherited blood-clotting disorder.
- Wyeth and Progenics Pharmaceuticals Inc. receive approval from European Commission and The Therapeutic Goods Administration division of the Australian Government for Relistor for opioid-induced constipation in advanced illness patients. Wyeth has worldwide rights to commercialize all forms of RELISTOR, except in Japan, where Progenics has granted Ono Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. an exclusive license to the subcutaneous form of RELISTOR for development and commercialization.
- FDA approvals of low-dose regimen of premarin vaginal cream to treat moderate to severe postmenopausal dyspareunia painful sexual intercourse, and TYGACIL, for the treatment of patients with community-acquired pneumonia, and Bazedoxifene, for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
- FDA grants Fast Track designation to the investigational 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for infants and toddlers. The vaccine includes 6 new serotypes (1, 3, 5, 6A, 7F and 19A) in addition to the 7 serotypes (4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F and 23F) included in PREVNAR, Pneumococcal 7-valent Conjugate Vaccine (Diphtheria CRM197 Protein), also known as PCV7.
- Fort Dodge Animal Health announces reintroduction of ProHeart 6, a unique heartworm preventative, to the U.S. veterinary market.
- South Africa begins introduction of PREVENAR into childhood immunization program. 27 countries have included PREVENAR in their national immunization programs. PREVENAR, the only licensed pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, is available in 88 countries around the world, with more than 180 million doses distributed.

2007
- The Environmental Protection Agency approves ProMeris for cats and dogs, a low-volume, topical spot-on, to effectively control existing flea and tick infestations and prevent re-infestations on dogs and puppies eight weeks and older.
- Wyeth begins marketing and distributing BeneFIX in Europe.
- FDA approves Lybrel, first low dose combination oral contraceptive offering women the opportunity to be period-free over time; Bazedoxifene, for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis; Protonix (pantoprazole sodium), for delayed-release oral suspension; new dosing recommendations for Rapamune in high immunologic risk renal transplant patients; new BeneFIX features that provide hemophilia B patients a simpler and more convenient preparation process for recombinant factor IX.
- FDA and European Commission approve Torisel for the treatment of advanced kidney cancer.

2006
- Launch of unique spanish-language patient education and support program for EFFEXOR XR depression patients.
- National Agency of Veterinary Medicine (France) temporary approval for Poulvac FluFendTM i H5N3 RG, inactivated virus reverse genetics avian vaccine to aid in prevention of avian influenza caused by H5N1 virus. Fort Dodge developed the vaccine in collaboration with St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and the University of Wisconsin. The French Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries requested an initial supply of 7 million doses of this vaccine for use in ducks as part of an avian influenza control program. In several different countries, Fort Dodge's products have been supplied as vaccine banks for use in the event of an outbreak. In addition to H5N3 RG, Fort Dodge has approvals for vaccines including H5N9, H5N2, H7N1, H7N2 and H7N3 strains.
- Tygacil (tigecycline), first antibiotic in a new class called glycylcyclines approved in Europe.
- Availability of Advil PM, which combines the multi-pain relieving power of Advil with a gentle sleep aid.

2005
- Wyeth Japan and Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited (Takeda Pharmaceutical) announce ENBREL (etanercept) approval by the Japan Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
- Wyeth and Astellas BV announce European Commission approval of InductOs (recombinant human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2/Absorbable Collagen Sponge) for the treatment of single level (L4-S1) anterior lumbar spine fusions as a substitute for autogenous bone graft in adults with degenerative disc disease.
- Fort Dodge Animal announces approval of West Nile-Innovator DNA, innovative vaccine for horses to aid in the prevention of viremia caused by the potentially deadly West Nile virus.
- FDA approval of Tygacil (tigecycline), novel I.V. antibiotic indicated for the treatment of complicated skin and intra-abdominal infections in adults, and Effexor XR, for the treatment of panic disorder.

2004
- Widespread availability of the lowest effective dose of Prempro (conjugated estrogens/medroxyprogesterone acetate tablets) 0.3 mg/1.5 mg, that contains 52% less estrogen and 40% less progestin than Prempro 0.625 mg/2.5 mg, and has been shown to be as effective in relieving menopausal symptoms with less breakthrough bleeding and less breast tenderness.
- Fort Dodge Animal Health announces approval of Duramune Adult, first USDA licensed vaccine with 3 year virus challenge data against a trio of deadly canine diseases, canine parvovirus, canine distemper and canine adenovirus.
- FDA approves reformulation of the stomach acid suppressant, Protonix I.V. (pantoprazole sodium) for Injection, first and only proton pump inhibitor in the United States to be offered in both oral and intravenous formulations. The existing Protonix I.V. formulation used clinically for 7 years in more than 5 million patients worldwide.
- FDA approves rhBMP-2/ACS (recombinant human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2/Absorbable Collagen Sponge), novel protein device that enhances bone healing, for use in the treatment of acute, open tibia shaft fractures in adults.
- Enbrel (25 mg twice weekly) recieves FDA approval for the treatment of adult patients with chronic moderate to severe plaque psoriasis who are candidates for systemic therapy or phototherapy, and European Commission approval for the treatment of adults with severe active ankylosing spondylitis and for monotherapy in the treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis and for use in combination with methotrexate in adults when the response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (including methotrexate unless contraindicated) has been inadequate.
- National advertising campaign, 60-second television commercial and a consumer print advertisement, featuring Prempro (conjugated estrogens/medroxyprogesterone acetate tablets) 0.3 mg/1.5 mg educates women about the appropriate use of hormone therapy and encourages dialogue between women and their health care professionals about the treatment of menopausal symptoms, according to Wyeth Pharmaceuticals.
- FDA grants "fast track" designation for temsirolimus in the first-line treatment of poor-prognosis patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma.
- Enbrel (atanercept) recieves FDA and European Commission approval for the treatment of chronic moderate to severe plaque psoriasis in adult patients. Amgen Inc. and Wyeth Pharmaceuticals announce Enbrel (etanercept) is the first and only biologic to receive an indication by the FDA to induce a Major Clinical Response in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 50 mg/mL prefilled syringe approved by the FDA as the recommended dosing form for treatment in all approved adult indications.
- FDA approvals of supplemental New Drug Application, for room temperature shipping and storage of PROTONIX I.V. (pantoprazole sodium) for Injection; and ReFacto Antihemophilic Factor (Recombinant) R2 Kit, first needle-less reconstitution device with a prefilled diluent syringe for hemophilia.

2003
- MedImmune Vaccines Inc. and Wyeth Vaccines announce that FluMist (Influenza Virus Vaccine Live, Intranasal), the first influenza vaccine delivered as a nasal mist approved in the United States for healthy people, is available in doctors' offices and pharmacies nationwide for the influenza season.
- FluMist, Influenza Virus Vaccine Live, Intranasal, incorporated into the influenza vaccine recommendations by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices as an option for the vaccination of healthy people aged 5 to 49 years.
- Amgen and Wyeth Pharmaceuticals announce FDA approval of 50 mg once-weekly dosage of Enbrel (etanercept), for adult patients across all indications, including moderately-to-severely active rheumatoid arthritis, active arthritis in patients with psoriatic arthritis and active ankylosing spondylitis, and a 0.8mg/kg once-weekly dosage (maximum 50 mg per week) for patients ages four to 17 years with moderately-to-severely active juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Instead of taking two 25 mg injections 3 to 4 days apart, can be taken both injections on the same day.
- Protonix I.V. (pantoprazole sodium) for Injection approved by the FDA for intravenous administration over a period of at least 2 minutes, in addition to its current 15 minute infusion regimen. Protonix I.V. is indicated for short-term treatment (7 to 10 days) of patients having gastroesophageal reflux disease with a history of erosive esophagitis, as an alternative to oral therapy in patients who are unable to continue taking PROTONIX Delayed-Release Tablets. Protonix is the first and only proton pump inhibitor in the U.S. to be offered in both oral and intravenous formulations.
- FDA approvals of prescribing information for postmenopausal hormone therapies; Effexor XR (venlafaxine HCI), for the treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder; Ropamune (sirolimus), for a new indication which calls for the withdrawal of cyclosporine from the immunosuppressive regimen; new lower-dose versions of Prempro and Premarin; and CYPHER Stent from the Cordis Corporation, product coated with sirolimus to reduce reblockage in patients recieving stents during coronary procedures.

2002
- Final judicial approval of diet drugs Redux and Pondimin.
- Enbrel (etanercept), first therapy approved by FDA for treatment of psoriatic arthritis.
- FDA approval of Alavert, non-sedating antihistamine, and Advil Allergy Sinus, the first 3 ingredient product containing ibuprofen.
- European Commission marketing authorization of Enbrel (etanercept), for Psoriatic Arthritis, and InductOs (rhBMP-2 on an absorbable collagen sponge), for treatment of open tibial fractures as an adjunct to standard of care.
- Fel-O-Vax FV is launched for the prevention of a serious immunodeficiency disease in cats.

2001
- FDA approval of Effexor XR (venlafaxine HCI) for use in preventing relapse and recurrence of depression.

2000
- Prevnar pneumococcal 7-valent Conjugate Vaccine (Diphtheria CRM197 protein), for the prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease in infants and children, and Protonix (pantoprazole sodium), proton pump inhibitor for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease, are launched.
- Altace (ramipril), sponsored by King Pharmaceuticals Inc. and co-marketed by Wyeth, is the first and only angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor to receive FDA approval for reduction of the risk of stroke, myocardial infarction, and death from cardiovascular diseases in patients 55 or older at high risk of developing a major cardiovascular event. ]]> https://ameblo.jp/kyoufunoegao/entry-10543376362.html Mon, 24 May 2010 00:00:00 +0900 Wyeth - Business

About

- Merged with Pfizer in 2009. Financial advisors: Morgan Stanley and Evercore Partners. Legal advisor: Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP.
- Wyeth Pharmaceuticals: 37 manufacturing facilities in 17 countries and markets products in over 60 nations.
- Deutsche Bank Healthcare Conference (2004, 2006, 2007).
- Goldman Sachs Healthcare Conference (2007, 2008, 2009).
- JP Morgan Healthcare Conference (2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009).
- Citigroup Health Care Conference (2005, 2006, 2007, 2008).
- Merrill Lynch Global Pharmaceutical, Biotechnology and Medical Device Conference (2005, 2006, 2007).
- Morgan Stanley Pharmaceutical Unplugged Conference (2005, 2006, 2008).
- Net revenue: $22.8 billion in 2008; $22.4 billion in 2007; $20.4 billion in 2006; $18.8 billion in 2005; $15.9 in 2003; $14.6 in 2002.
- Net income: $4,417.8 million in 2008; $4,810.4 million in 2007; $4,280.8 million in 2006; $3,656.3 million in 2005; $3,258.9 million in 2003; $2,962.6 million in 2002.

Business

1860-1960
- 1860: John Wyeth and his younger brother, Frank, open a retail drugstore with a small research lab in Philadelphia. Both had attended the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, first school of pharmacy in the U.S. (1822).
- 1862: The Wyeth brothers manufacture medicines in large quantities for doctors and publish their first catalog of drug preparations for wholesale distribution.
- 1864: John Wyeth & Brother supplies medicines and beef extract to the Union Army during the Civil War.
- 1872: Employee Henry Bower develops one of the first rotary compressed tablet machines in the U.S. for mass-producing medicines with unprecedented precision and speed.
- 1876: 4 awards at the U.S. Centennial Exhibition for its compressed pills, pharmaceutical preparations, suppositories, and food for infants and invalids.
- 1883: First foreign facility in Montreal, Canada.
- 1885: Vaccine production begins.
- 1907: John Wyeth dies and his only son Stuart, 1884 Harvard College graduate, becomes President.
- 1926: American Home Products Corporation is founded.
- 1929: Kolynos brand toothpaste becomes a major player in building global sales. Stuart Wyeth dies and leaves controlling interest of John Wyeth & Brother to Harvard University.
- 1930: Anacin (aspirin and caffeine) is purchased and quickly becomes the Company's leading product. Anacin is also one of the earliest and best examples of concerted television marketing campaign.
- 1931: Harvard sells Wyeth to American Home Products for $2.9 million.
- 1935: Alvin G. Brush, Certified Public Accountant, CEO of the entire organization (1935-1965) launches a diversification and acquisition strategy, acquiring 34 new companies in 15 years, including Chef Boy-Ar-Dee and Wizard Inc.
- 1936: Acquisition of a bacterial antigen for arthritis vaccine research.
- 1938: The S.M.A. Corporation, a pharmaceutical firm specializing in innovative infant formulas, is acquired and folded into John Wyeth & Brother.
- 1941: The United States enters War World II and Wyeth ships sulfa drugs (an early bacteriostatic), blood plasma, typhus vaccine, quinine, and atabrine tablets for malaria to the Armed Forces.
- 1942: Wyeth launches penicillin research program with G. Raymond Rettew, founder of the Chester Country Mushroom Laboratories.
- 1943: Army-Navy E Award for contribution to the war effort. Merger with Ayerst, McKenna and Harrison Ltd. of Canada brings with Premarin, world's first conjugated estrogens product. 6 companies are merged into Wyeth Laboratories, bringing Tetanus, typhus, diphtheria, smallpox, and sera vaccines, the Tubex method of allergy treatment, a line of antacids and laxatives, a beef extract called Bovinine, and SMA.
- 1944: One of the 22 companies selected by the government to manufacture penicillin, first for the armed forces and then for the general public.
- 1945: Acquisition of Fort Dodge Serum Company.
- 1951: Antabuse is launched for the treatment of alcoholism and the antihistamine Phenergan (promethazine HCI) is introduced.
- 1952: Ansolyen is launched as a high blood pressure medication.
- 1953: Lederle Japan Ltd., 50-50 joint venture between American Cyanamid Company and Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd.
- 1954: Wyeth supplies polio vaccine for critical Salk trials and subsequently becomes a leading U.S. vaccine producer. The anticonvulsant Mysoline is introduced.
- 1955: Headquarters moved from Philadelphia to Radnor, Pennsylvania.
- 1958: Dristan Tablets and the non-narcotic sleeping aid, Sleep-Eze, are launched.
- 1959: Strategic alliance with Rhone-Poulenc for pharmaceutical drug research and development. The labs at Ives Cameron produce Isordil, vasodilator for the treatment of angina.

1961-1999
- 1961: Dryvax, freeze-dried smallpox vaccine, is launched.
- 1966: Oral contraceptive Ovral (norgestrel and ethinyl estradiol tablets), first totally synthetic progestational steroid, is launched.
- 1967: The Global Smallpox Eradication Program is initiated by WHO and approaches Wyeth to develop a better injection system for smallpox to be used in the field. The partnership with Imperial Chemical Industries (Akzo Nobel N.V. subsidiary) pays off with the launch of Inderal, the first beta-blocker for arrhythmia.
- 1968: Patent royalties on innovative new bifurcated needle. Delivery of 200 million smallpox vaccine per year. Ovral becomes the most frequently prescribed oral contraceptive on the market.
- 1970: Wyeth improves infant formula S-26 by developing a physiologic fat blend that closely resembles the fatty acid content of human milk.
- 1975: Lo/Ovral (norgestrel and ethinyl estradiol tablets) is released and becomes the most frequently prescribed low-dose contraceptive in the US.
- 1982: American Home Products acquires Sherwood Medical, capturing a share of the growing medical devices market.
- 1983: Inderal becomes the most frequently prescribed medicine in the US.
- 1984: Whitehall Laboratories markets Advil, first nonprescription ibuprofen in the US and most famous prescrption to over the counter switch in history.
- 1985: Ives Laboratories merges with Wyeth.
- 1987: Wyeth and Ayerst merge into Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories. The animal health business of Bristol-Myers is acquired and assimilated into Fort Dodge.
- 1988: Acquisition of Parke-Davis animal health business, making Fort Dodge the country's 3rd largest manufacturer of animal health products. First Haemophilus b conjugate vaccine against bacterial meningitis licensed in the United States for use in infants.
- 1989: Acquisition of A.H. Robins Company, makers of popular consumer brands Robitussin, ChapStick and Dimetapp.
- 1991: The first diphtheria/tetanus/acellular pertussis vaccine in the US and Norplant (levonorgestrel), the first new contraceptive in the US in more than 30 years, are introduced.
- 1992: Building biotechnology capacity, a majority interest in Genetics Institute is acquired. Premarin becomes the number one prescribed drug in the US.
- 1993: The Women's Health Research Institute is established, the first such pharmaceutical laboratories dedicated entirely to women's health.
- 1994: Acquisition of American Cyanamid and its subsidiary Lederle Laboratories. Effexor (venlafaxine HCI) is introduced, the first serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor for the treatment of depression.
- 1995: Combined sales top $13 billion. Acquisition of the remaining interest in Genetics Institute.
- 1997: BeneFIX Coagulaion Factor IX (Recombinant), novel genetically engineered blood-clotting protein, is introduced for the treatment of hemophilia B. Premarin becomes the first Company product to reach $1 billion in sales. Solvay's worldwide animal health business is purchased and folded into Fort Dodge.
- 1998: Enbrel (etanercept), first in class biological treatment for moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis, is launched by Wyeth and Immunex Corp. (Amgen). Solgar Vitamin and Herb Company is acquired by Whitehall-Robins Healthcare.
- 1999: Meningitec (meningococcal Group C conjugate vaccine) is launched ahead of schedule to help the UK battle an epidemic of meningococcal Group C disease. Rapamune (sirolimus), novel immunosuppresant for kidney transplantation, is launched.

2000
- Cyanamid Agricultural Products is spun-off, marking the final step in the transformation into a research-driven, global pharmaceutical company.
- Collaboration with Elan Corporation to discover, develop and commercialize immunotherapeutic approaches to prevent and treat Alzheimer's disease.
- Wyeth Pharmaceuticals purchases the Collegeville property from Aventis.

2002
- Designed and tested new animal model in rats to study amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, in a partnership with researchers at leading medical institutions across the United States. The new model is in transgenic rats, which are modified to carry a human gene and develop a neuromuscular disease similar to human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
- American Home Products changes its name to Wyeth.
- Wyeth appoints PricewaterhouseCoopers as auditor.
- Immunex Corporation is sold to Amgen.
- Wyeth ceases production of FluShield, injectable influenza virus vaccine, and Pnu-Imune, injectable polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine for adults, and pursues new flu immunization technologies, specifically through partnership with MedImmune, to develop and market FluMist, an intranasal influenza vaccine.
- FDA approves Wyeth manufacturing site for hemophilia A treatment.

2004
- Wyeth at the Bear Stearns 17th Annual Healthcare Conference, the UBS Global Life Sciences Conference, the CIBC World Markets 15th Annual Healthcare Conference, the Credit Suisse First Boston Healthcare Conference.
- Co-development and co-commercialization agreements with Solvay Pharmaceutical B.V. for bifeprunox and other neuroscience compounds.
- Dissolution of collaboration with MedImmune Inc. for the nasal flu vaccine FluMist (Influenza Virus Vaccine Live, Intranasal) and an investigational second-generation liquid formulation, Cold Adapted Influenza Vaccine-Trivalent. Worldwide rights, manufacturing, marketing, and selling of FluMist by MedImmune Inc., that acquire Wyeth's distribution facility in Louisville, Kentucky.
- Collaboration with the World Health Organization on clinical trial to investigate the safety and efficacy of moxidectin in onchocerciasis (river blindness) infected individuals. Culmination of an informal 3-year cooperative effort to develop an oral formula for moxidectin and to conduct the pre-clinical analyses and regulatory filings required before initiating a clinical trial in patients.
- 5 oncology researchers who led the development of the first antibody-targeted chemotherapy awarded the Heroes of Chemistry Award from the American Chemical Society.
- Elan Corporation plc and Wyeth Pharmaceuticals announce that the United States Patent and Trademark Office issued Neuralab Limited, subsidiary of Elan, 7 patents for the companies' joint research on immunotherapeutic approaches to the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
- Manufacturing agreement with Genentech Inc. for Herceptin (Trastuzumab).
- Collaboration with the WHO on a clicnical trial for the study of moxidectin as a possible alternative treatment for onchocerciasis, the world's second leading infectious cause of blindness.
- Wyeth supports the National Osteoporosis Foundation and the Surgeon General's focus on prevention of osteoporosis and promotion of bone health.
- Agreement with an affiliate of PBM Products Inc. for the sale of Georgia, Vermont infant nutrition manufacturing facility.
- The Research & Development Council of New Jersey honors Wyeth Research with the Annual Thomas Alva Edison Patent Award in the "Emerging Technology" category for rapamycin hydroxyesters, a derivative of rapamycin known as temsirolimus (CCI-779). Temsirolimus is an investigational drug, which specifically inhibits mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) kinase, an enzyme required to control a cell's life cycle, preventing cell division into new cells.

2005
- Wyeth at the SG Cowen & Co. 25th Annual Healthcare Conference, the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce World Markets' 16th Annual Heathcare Conference.
- Wyeth purchases additional equity of Wyeth K.K., 70% ownership providing full management control over the joint venture with Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited.
- Wyeth opens Grange Castle, one of the world's largest integrated biotech manufacturing facilities in the South Country Dublin, Ireland.
- Applied Neurotherapeutics Research Group, partnership between Wyeth Neuroscience Research, the Conway Institute at University College Dublin and Trinity College, awarded "Best Partnership Alliance" for its collaborative research approach and its significant contributions to the Irish economy.
- The Chamber of Commerce of Cambridge grants "Leading Edge Award" to the Wyeth Research Campus.
- $32 million contract with National Institutes of Health for ongoing HIV vaccine research.
- Worldwide collaboration with Progenics Pharmaceuticals to develop and commercialize Methylnaltrexone.

2006
- Wyeth at the SG Cowen & Co. 26th Annual Healthcare Conference, the Lehman Brothers 9th Annual Global Healthcare Conference, the Bank of America Health Care Conference.
- Strategic Collaboration with Trubion Pharmaceuticals.
- The American Veterinary Medical Association and Fort Dodge Animal Health announce new educational initiative designed to raise consumer awareness about preventing diseases that can be spread from pets, and other animals, to people, as well as those that can infect both people and pets. These diseases, called zoonotic diseases, include leptospirosis, Lyme disease, rabies, ringworm and giardia.
- Collaboration with the Health Ministry of Scotland to enhance translational medicine research.
- Wyeth purchases an additional 10% stake in Wyeth K.K. bringing Wyeth's ownership interest in the Wyeth/Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited joint venture to 80%.
- Plans with Progenics Pharmaceuticals Inc. for the further development of methylnaltrexone, investigational drug studied as a treatment for the peripheral side effects of opioid analgesics, without interfering with pain relief. In 3 dosage forms: subcutaneous and oral forms as treatment platforms for opioid induced-bowel dysfunction, and an intravenous form for post operative bowel dysfunction.
- Amended and restated co-promotion agreement regarding King Pharmaceuticals's product ALTACE (ramipril), an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor.

2007
- Wyeth at the Bear Stearns 20th Annual Healthcare Conference, the UBS Global Life Sciences Conference.
- Team of Wyeth scientists involved in the discovery, development and manufacture of PREVNAR, Pneumococcal 7-valent Conjugate Vaccine (Diphtheria CRM197 Protein), first and only vaccine available to help protect infants and toddlers against invasive pneumococcal disease caused by vaccine serotypes, awarded the 2005 National Medal of Technology, nation's highest honor for technological achievement, by President George W. Bush at a White House ceremony.
- New neuroscience discovery, co-development, and co-commercialization agreement with Solvay Pharmaceutical B.V. targeting the identification of small molecules as potential anti-psychotic medications.
- Collaboration with Nautilus Biotech to develop hemophilia therapies.
- Kylin Therapeutics Inc., biotechnology company, signs collaboration with Fort Dodge Animal Health to develop new RNAi therapeutics for the treatment of cancer. Under this contract, Kylin uses its patented RNA nanoparticle technology called "pRNA" to explore the enormous potential of RNA interference (RNAi), and develop new RNA-based therapeutics for the treatment of cancer, Fort Dodge receives an exclusive license to the pRNA/RNAi therapeutic compounds for the treatment of cancers in companion animals and Kylin retains rights to the therapies for human use.
- Research partnership with MediVas to develop advanced hemophilia therapies.
- Wyeth purchases final 20% stake of Wyeth K.K. from Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Limited.

2008
- Wyeth at the Credit Suisse Healthcare Conference.
- Pristiq (desvenlafaxine), new serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor approved to treat adult patients with major depressive disorder, available in U.S.
- Wyeth Consumer Healthcare purchases ThermaCare, a leading over-the-counter heat wrap, from Procter & Gamble.
- Wyeth Pharmaceuticals acquires Thiakis Limited, privately held biotechnology company based in the United Kingdom.

2009
- Strategic alliance with Santaris Pharma to develop RNA-based medicines.
- FDA approves new indication for TYGACIL (tigecycline) for the treatment of adult patients with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia.
- National pneumococcal immunisation programme to vaccinate nearly all Rwandan children younger than one and all Rwandan infants on a routine basis. To help make this program possible in Rwanda and Gambia Wyeth contributed more than 3 million doses of the pneumococcal vaccine through GAVI Alliance. To ensure the sustainable supply of pneumococcal vaccines to countries in the future, GAVI launched a unique financing mechanism known as the Advance Market Commitment (AMC). The governments of Italy, the United Kingdom, Canada, Norway, and Russia, and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation launched a pilot AMC against pneumococcal disease with a collective $1.5 billion commitment.
- $100,000 donation to ASCO Cancer Foundation to support cancer prevention and care.
- Exclusive worldwide collaboration with Catalyst Biosciences Inc. for the discovery, development and commercialization of Factor VIIa products to treat hemophilia and other bleeding conditions.
- Wyeth Consumer Healthcare announces availability of new, scientifically advanced, gender-and age-specific adult multivitamin line, Centrum Ultra Women's and Men's and Centrum Silver Ultra Women's and Men's.
- Worldwide alliance with Ambrx Inc. to discover, develop, and commercialize protein drug candidates for three undisclosed targets in multiple therapeutic areas.
- Pfizer and Wyeth divest certain animal health assets to Boehringer Ingelheim.
- Progenics Pharmaceuticals Inc. regains all worldwide rights to the RELISTOR franchise from Wyeth Pharmaceuticals.

]]> https://ameblo.jp/kyoufunoegao/entry-10537047283.html Mon, 17 May 2010 00:00:00 +0900 Facebook - Social Games
Zynga Game Network Inc.

About
- July 2007: Founded.
- July 2008: $29 million in venture finance from several firms, led by Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers.
- May 2009: Digital Sky Technologies buys a 1.96% stake of Facebook for $200 million.
- December 2009: Digital Sky Technologies buys $180 million share of Zynga.
- In 5 days (January 2010), more than 300,000 game players purchased $1.5 million in virtual social goods to support relief efforts in Haiti. Users from 47 countries donated to UN World Food Programme by buying limited edition items in FarmVille ($1 million), FishVille, Mafia Wars and Zynga Poker.
- Mission: Connect people through games in a way that is fun and exciting.
- Monthly Active Users: 235 million in February 2010.
- Weekly Active Users: 134 million in February 2010.
- Daily Active Users: 66 million in February 2010; 60 million in December 2009.
- Applications: 39.

FarmVille
- Launch in June 2009.
- Monthly active users: 81 million in February 2010 (1.2% of the World population); 70 million in December 2009; 60 million in October 2009.
- Weekly active users: 54 million in February 2010.
- Daily active users: 31 million in February 2010.
- Game: "Grow delicious fruits and vegetables and raise adorable animals on your very own farm."
- Level up, coins, features, ribbons, gifts, market and purchasable items.
- 220 million Valentine's Day gifts exchanged in the first 18 hours since their release.

Mafia Wars
- Available also on MySpace, Tagged, Sonico, and Yahoo!.
- Monthly active users: 25 million in February 2010.
- Weekly active users: 13 million in February 2010.
- Daily active users: 6 million in February 2010.
- Page statistics: 12 million in April 2010.
- Game: "Start a Mafia family with your friends, run 3 kinds of crime businesses, and vie for respect... then fight to be the ruling family."
- Limited energy, health and stamina meters, level up, bonus, ranks and purchasable items.

Café World
- Monthly active users: 30 million in March 2010.
- Weekly active users: 17 million in March 2010.
- Daily active users: 8 million in March 2010.
- Game: "Choose from dozens of dishes to cook, then slice, chop, saute and bake your way to the top of the culinary world."

Texas HoldEm Poker
- Monthly active users: 27 million in March 2010.
- Weekly active users: 14 million in March 2010.
- Daily active users: 6 million in March 2010.
- Page statistics: 17 million in April 2010.

FishVille
- 875,000 users within 2 days of launch.
- Monthly active users: 25 million in February 2010.
- Weekly active users: 13 million in February 2010.
- Daily active users: 6 million in February 2010.
- Game: "An addictive game where you raise cute baby fish, feed them as they grow, and decorate your fish tanks with friends."

PetVille
- Monthly active users: 20 million in March 2010.
- Weekly active users: 11 million in March 2010.
- Daily active users: 5 million in March 2010.
- Game: Choose and care for your own adorable pet, dress, feed, and decorate to make your pet and home the coolest in tow.

YoVille
- Monthly active users: 14 million in February 2010.
- Weekly active users: 6 million in February 2010.
- Daily active users: 2 million in February 2010.
- Game: World where you can buy new clothes for your player, purchase items for your apartment, go to work, and meet new friends.
- Campaign: Selling bulldogs and tabby cats contributed over $90,000 to The San Francisco SPCA (May 2009).

William "Bing" Gordon (1950-)
- Board Member since 2008.
- Partner of Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers since 2008.
- Board member of Amazon (2003) and Ngmoco.
- Founding director of Audible.com.
- Executive positions (1982-1993); Senior Vice President Entertainment Production (1992-1993); Executive Vice President of EA Studios (1993-1995); Executive Vice President Marketing (1995-1998); Executive Vice President and Chief Creative Officer (1998-2008) of Electronic Arts.
- Chair position at the University of Southern California's Interactive Media Division after Electronic Arts invested in the fledgling program (2005).
- Account Executive of Ogilvy & Mather.
- Graduated from Cranbrook School (1968); Bachelor of Arts from Yale University (1972); Master of Business Administration from Stanford University (1978).

Fred Wilson (1961-)
- Investor.
- Co-founder of Union Square Ventures, $125 million in capital under management.
- Co-founder of Flatiron Partners (1996), fund capitalized at $150 million with investors SOFTBANK Technology Ventures and Chase Capital Partners, private-equity arm of Chase Manhattan Corp, and later another $500 million with Chase Capital Partners as the sole active LP.
- Board member of DonorsChoose.org.
- Bachelors degree in Mechanical Engineering from Massachusetts Institute of Technology and MBA from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.

Reid Hoffman (1967-)
- Investor and Board of Directors.
- Founder and CEO (2003-2007); Chairman and President Products (2007); Executive chairman of LinkedIn.
- Board director of Mozilla, Burger King, Vendio, Six Apart, Kiva.org, Tagged.
- Investor in Facebook, IronPort, Flickr, Digg, Grockit, Ping.fm, Nanosolar, Care.com, Knewton, Kongregate, Last.fm.
- Member of Provost Council at College Eight, University of California, Santa Cruz.
- Chair of Westcoast Advisory Board at Questbridge.
- Partner at Greylock Partners.
- Co-founder of SocialNet.com.
- Member of the board of directors at the founding; Executive Vice President (2002) of PayPal.
- Member of Oxford Alumni New York, eWorldAlums, PayPal Corporate Alumni, Doctors Without Borders, KIVA, Obama for America, Alpha, Endeavor, The Association of Marshall Scholars Inc., Pre-IPO PayPal employees, Stanford University Alumni, Second Harvest Food Bank of Santa Clara and San Mateo Counties, Dopplr Advisors, Bessemer SaaS CEO Forum, Sequoia Capital Portfolio Company CEOs, Stanford Symbolic Systems Program, Stanford Class of 89, Connecting for Change, LinkedIn Advertising Forum, Friends of LinkedIn, CM Summit NY 2009, European Business Awards, NPR Digital Think, Hemisphere, Surya for Congress, Queen Rania Center for Entrepreneurship.
- Worked at Apple Computer and Fujitsu.
- Attended high school at The Putney School (1982-1985), graduated from Stanford University with bachelor's degree in symbolic systems (1985-1990) and from Oxford University with a master's degree in philosophy (1990-1993).

Peter Thiel (1967-)
- Investor.
- President of Clarium Capital.
- Managing partner in The Founders Fund.
- Board of Directors of The Independent Institute, Facebook.
- Donator ($100,000 in 2006) and Advisory board of the Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence.
- $3.5 million donation to foster anti-aging research through the Methuselah Mouse Prize Foundation.
- $500,000 donation (2008), $250,000 grant and additional $100,000 in matching funds (2010) to the Seasteading Institute.
- Investor in Facebook ($500,000 in 2004), Slide, LinkedIn, Friendster, Rapleaf, Geni.com, Clickable Inc., Yammer, Yelp Inc., Powerset, Vator, Palantir Technologies, Joyent, IronPort.
- Co-founder and CEO of PayPal (1998), sold to eBay for $1.5 billion (2002).
- Founder of Thiel Capital Management (1996).
- Supporter of the Committee to Protect Journalists.
- Member of Phi Beta Kappa Society, Marijuana Policy Project, Ron Paul 2008 Presidential Campaign Committee, John McCain 2008, Bilderberg Group, DeMint for Senate Committee.
- Former US Education Department Speechwriter for Secy. William Bennett, Law Clerk for US Court of Appeals Judge Larry Edmondson, Securities lawyer at Sullivan & Cromwell, Derivatives trader at Credit Suisse.
- Net worth of $1.3 billion (Forbes 400).
- Honored as Young Global leader by the World Economic Forum (2007), and honorary degree from Universidad Francisco Marroquin (2009).
- At San Mateo High School, California; A.B. Philosophy (1989), founded The Stanford Review (conservative/libertarian newspaper), and J.D. (1992) at Stanford University.

Robert Warren "Bob" Pittman (1953-)
- Investor.
- CEO of MTV Networks, AOL Networks, Six Flags Theme Parks, Quantum Media, Century 21 Real Estate (1995), and Time Warner Enterprises.
- Co-founder of Pilot Group LLC (2003), controlling investments in Thrillist, Barrington Broadcasting, Double O Radio, OTX Research, North American Membership Group, Tasting Table and Vital Juice, Tequila Casa Dragones, and also stakes in David's Bridal, Spotrunner, iLike.com, Next New Networks, Zynga, Rapleaf, Playlist.com.
- Board of Directors at Playlist.com, Robin Hood Foundation, New York Public Theater, Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, NYU Medical Center, the Alliance for Lupus Research.
- Former board member of Electronic Arts, Atari Games, Excite, 3DO, MTV Networks, America Online, HFS/Cendant/Realogy.
- Former chairman of Robin Hood Foundation, and the New York Public Theater.
- COO and Board of directors of America Online Inc. (1996), where led the operating team that moved from 6 million members to over 30 million, and AOL Time Warner (2001-2002).
- Chairman and CEO of Six Flags Theme Parks (1991).
- President and CEO of Time Warner Enterprises (1990).
- Founder of Quantum Media with MCA Records.
- Oversaw the creation and growth (1st profitable cable network) of MTV and the transition of Nickelodeon from a network geared to preschoolers to one aimed at older kids as well as overseeing the launches of VH-1 and Nick at Nite, and led the initial public offering for MTV Networks and its expansion into international markets.
- Airline Transport Pilot's license for airplanes, rated for helicopters and 3 types of jets.

Brad Feld
- Investor and Board of Directors.
- Board of directors of Gold Systems, Judy's Book, NewsGator, Rally Software, StillSecure, the Community Foundation Serving Boulder Country, the Colorado Conservation Trust, Gist, Gnip, Oblong, Standing Cloud.
- Chairman of the National Center for Women & Information Technology.
- Co-founder and Board of Directors of Foundry Group, and Mobius Venture Capital.
- Founder of Intensity Ventures.
- Former Board of Directors of the Young Entrepreneurs Organization.
- Former Chief technology officer of AmeriData Technologies and Feld Technologies after acquisition.
- Bachelor of Science and Master of Science degrees in Management Science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Sandy Miller
- Investor.
- General partner Institutional Venture Partners since April 2006.
- Board Member of the Stanford Law School and the Cantor Art Center, Stanford University Art Museum.
- Executive Committee of the Capital Campaign of the University of Virginia, where previously College Trustee.
- Former Senior Partner with 3i.
- Co-founder; Executive Committee; Chief Administrative and Strategic Officer; Co-Director of Investment Banking at Thomas Weisel Partners.
- Former Senior Partner at Montgomery Securities, where led the technology group.
- Former Managing Director and opened the San Francisco technology investment banking offices for Merrill Lynch and Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette.
- Former Manager of strategy consulting at Bain & Company, and securities lawyer at Pillsbury Winthrop.
- Former Trustee and Board Member of the Stanford Graduate School of Business, the Asian Art Museum of San Francisco, the American Conservatory Theater, and Grace Episcopal Cathedral.
- B.A. from the University of Virginia, Phi Beta Kappa, and M.B.A. and J.D. from Stanford University.

Richard W. Levandov
- Investor.
- Managing Member at Avalon Ventures since 2007.
- Director of Avalon portfolio companies Intercasting Corp. and Chumby Industries as well as Tacoda Systems, Tremor Media, Newsgator Technlogies, Nexaweb, and Liquid Machines Inc.
- Member of the MIT Enterprise Forum, and Masthead Venture Partners.
- Former lead investor and on the boards of Valent Software Corporation (Lycos), Sombasa Media (PrimeMedia), Software.com (OpenWave), Mobilee (Natural MicroSystems), Bright Mail (Symantec) and OLiVER (LivePicture).
- Partner with SOFTBANK Technology Ventures (1996-1998).
- Vice President of Business Development at America Online (1994-1996).
- Co-founder and Vice President of Phoenix Technologies Ltd. (1982-1993).
- B.S. degree from Binghamton University.

Playfish Ltd.

About
- 2007: Founded.
- October 2008: $17 million in venture capital funding from Accel Partners and Index Ventures.
- November 2009: Property of Electronic Arts by acquisition for $275 million.
- Playfish Virtual Currency: No monetary value and does not constitute currency or property of any type; Non-refundable; Payment by credit card or billing and payment provider.
- Haiti Donation Page: "If $100,000 in donations (credit card) are made to Mercy Corps, Playfish will give every player in Pet Society, Restaurant City, Country Story and Poker Rivals a special item." Total raised so far (web): More than $25,000 (March 2010).
- Monthly active users: 50 million in February 2010.
- Weekly active users: 23 million in February 2010.
- Daily active users: 10 million in February 2010.
- Applications: 12.

Pet Society
- Monthly active users: 19 million in February 2010.
- Weekly active users: 10 million in February 2010.
- Daily active users: 4 million in February 2010.
- Game: Custom design pets with activities and interaction including washing, brushing, petting and feeding the pet.
- Level up, coins, features, special status, thriving in-game economy and purchasable items.

Restaurant City
- Monthly active users: 15 million in March 2010.
- Weekly active users: 7 million in March 2010.
- Daily active users: 3 million in March 2010.
- Game: Create and run a restaurant, design it, decorate it, hire friends to work in it, collect ingredients and menu items and visit friends.

Country Story
- Monthly active users: 4 million in March 2010.
- Weekly active users: 2 million in March 2010.
- Daily active users: 1 million in March 2010.
- Game: "Get away from it all in Country Story and forget the stresses of everyday life as you enjoy the tranquil pleasures of your very own country home. Tend your crops and animals, visit friends and breathe in the fresh country air."

Kristian Segerstrale
- Vice President, General Manager and Co-founder.
- Co-founder and managing director of Europe, Middle East and Asia for Glu Mobile.
- Master's of science degree in Economics from London School of Economics and undergraduate degree in Economics from Cambridge University.

Sebastien de Halleux
- Chief operating officer and Co-founder.
- Vice President Business Development & Strategic Partnerships at EA Interactive driving distribution, monetization, business development, and relationships with key partners across the division's 3 business units, Playfish, Pogo and EA Mobile.
- Former part of the team that incubated Nokia Ad Service, and early team member of Macrospace Ltd.
- Master's in Civil Engineering from Imperial College London.

Sami Lababidi
- Vice President, Chief Technical Officer and Co-founder.
- Co-founder of Macrospace Ltd., a company which merged with Sorrent Inc. to become Glu Mobile.
- Key roles at mobile services firm Digital Mobility and Lehman Brothers.
- Master's of science in Computer Sciences from Imperial College.

Shukri Shammas
- Senior Director, General and Administrative, Chairman, Chief financial officer and Co-founder.
- Co-founder and managing director of Macrospace Ltd.
- Former Chief technical officer at Internet services provider Domainia, and at the accounting firm Westbury Schotness.
- Bachelor's in Business Administration from the American College, London.

Privacy Policy
- Account: Information transfer and store in the USA.
- Personal information: Name, email address, phone number, home address, birth date, mobile phone number, credit card information...
- Non-personal information: Gender, zip code, about computer, hardware, software, platform, media, mobile device, mobile device ID, console ID, incident data, Internet Protocol (IP) address, network Media Access Control (MAC) address and connection, feature usage, game play statistics and scores, user rankings and click paths, data provide in surveys (via account preferences and online profiles or through purchases).
- Information from third parties: Personal, non-personal or public information.

RockYou!

About
- 2006: Founded.
- December 2009: Attacker breaches a company database containing the usernames and unencrypted passwords of about 32 million users.
- Mission: Engage the world through social applications.
- Developing also for MySpace, Hi5, Bebo, Friendster, Orkut.
- Investors: Sequoia Capital, First Round Capital, Lightspeed Venture Partners, Partech International, DCM.
- Partners: Creative Artists Agency; Clearspring; Widgetbox; Webs.com (formerly Freewebs); Bebo; Quantcast; Friendster; Flixster; WordPress; Fliptrack; Hi5; Like.com; Nettwerk Music Group; Pump Audio; Tagged.com; SNOCAP; Gigya; Zazzle; Gizmoz; Tapatap; PlayFirst.
- Member of the Alloy Online Advertising Network.
- Monthly active users: 92 million in February 2010.
- Weekly active users: 30 million in February 2010.
- Daily active users: 6 million in February 2010.
- Applications: 17.

Birthday Cards
- Game: "Send your friends the best custom cards, make a custom group birthday card that will be delivered on the special day, manage your birthday calendar, get reminders for your special friends birthdays, and more."
- Monthly active users: 49 million in February 2010.
- Weekly active users: 14 million in February 2010.
- Daily active users: 2 million in February 2010.

Zoo World
- Game: Build up a zoo, collect and breed animals, hunt for treasure, and trade with friends.
- Monthly active users: 20 million in February 2010.
- Weekly active users: 8 million in February 2010.
- Daily active users: 2 million in February 2010.

Other Applications

Static FBML
- Monthly active users: 58 million in May 2010.
- Weekly active users: 23 million in May 2010.
- Daily active users: 7 million in May 2010.

BlackBerry smartphones
- Monthly active users: 17 million in May 2010.
- Weekly active users: 13 million in May 2010.
- Daily active users: 10 million in May 2010.

iPhone
- Monthly active users: 34 million in May 2010.
- Weekly active users: 25 million in May 2010.
- Daily active users: 17 million in May 2010. ]]> https://ameblo.jp/kyoufunoegao/entry-10530845909.html Mon, 10 May 2010 00:00:00 +0900 Wyeth - Corporate Officers (2009)

About
- Employees: More than 51,500 people worldwide.
- Employee Networks: Women in Leadership and the Women's Professional Network (site-based women's organizations); Wyeth Latin Network; African Americans Dedicated to Value-Added Networking and Corporate Excellence; Wyeth RAINBOW Alliance (gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender employee network).
- Diversity Program: Wyeth Corporate Diversity Department; Wyeth Diversity Council.
- Eagles Program: 2 year period program to expedite professional development and enhance leadership capabilities with the view of developing future leaders in Wyeth.
- Executive Leadership Program: 3 day, highly interactive program designed to be the first global, company-wide course that addresses how leaders can be effective in creating environments of teamwork, maintaining quality and developing people.
- Global Leadership Program: 8 day program to develop leadership and strategic thinking skills through a number of activities, including personal assessments, case studies and interactive team challenges.
- Participation in the INROADS Internship program.
- Scholarships to the United Negro College Fund, and the Urban League of Philadelphia (2005-2007).
- Wyeth supports the National Black MBA Association, the National Society of Hispanic MBAs and the National Association of Black Accountants.

Corporate Officers

Timothy P. Cost
- Senior Vice President Corporate Affairs.
- Executive Vice President Corporate Affairs (2003-2008); Senior Vice President Corporate Affairs (2008) at ARAMARK Corporation.
- Senior Vice President of Corporate Affairs at Pharmacia Corporation (2001-2003).
- Vice President of Investor Relations and Corporate Intelligence for Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (1996-2001).

Gregory Norden (1958-)
- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (2007).
- Positions of increasing responsibility (1989); Senior Vice President Finance and Chief Financial Officer and American Home Food Products; Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer at Wyeth Laboratories; Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer at Wyeth Pharmaceuticals (2000).
- Employed by Arthur Andersen & Company in New York.
- Undergraduate degree from the State University of New York and Master of Science in Accounting from C. W. Post College.

Thomas Hofstaetter, Ph.D. (1948-)
- Senior Vice President Corporate Business Development (2004).
- Senior Vice President Corporate Development at Aventis.
- Senior Vice President, Business Development and Strategic Planning, for Hoechst Marion Roussel (1995-1998).
- Executive Managing Director of Hoechst Japan Pharmaceuticals (1991-1994).
- Research Scientist (1978) and Head of Research (1988) at Behringwerke AG in Germany.
- Ph.D. in Biochemistry/Molecular Biology from the University of Tuebingen in Germany.

Mary Katherine Wold (1953-)
- Vice President of Taxes (2002) with responsibility for worldwide tax matters; Senior Vice President of Tax and Treasury (2005); Senior Vice President of Finance (2007).
- Partner (1988), and head of worldwide tax practice group (1995-2000) in the New York law firm of Shearman & Sterling.
- Undergraduate degree from Hamline University, where was elected member of Phi Beta Kappa; J.D. from the University of Michigan Law School.

Douglas A. Dworkin (1948-)
- Vice President and Deputy General Counsel (2004).
- Partner at Arnold & Porter in Washington D.C. (1985-1997 and 2001-2004).
- Deputy General Counsel and then General Counsel in the Department of Defense (1997-2001).
- Executive Assistant to then-Deputy Secretary of State Warren Christopher (1979-1981).
- Foreign Service Officer with the Department of State, stationed in Brussels.
- Law clerk to Chief Judge David L. Bazelon of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit.
- Bachelor of Arts degree from Oberlin College, Master of Arts degree in International Relations at Yale University, and Juris Doctor degree from Yale Law School (1976).

Other Members

René R. Lewin (1946-)
- Vice President Human Resources (1994); Senior Vice President Human Resources (2004)
- Variety of management positions; President and General Manager at Eli Lilly Canada; Executive Director Corporate Affairs; Executive Director Human Resources at Eli Lilly and Company.
- Degree in Industrial Management from Purdue University and Masters in Business Administration from Butler University.

Marily H. Rhudy (1948-)
- Assistant Vice President Professional Relations for Wyeth-Ayerst (1993); Vice President Public Affairs for domestic pharmaceutical division (1994); Vice President Global Public Affairs for Wyeth-Ayerst Pharmaceuticals (1997); Vice President Corporate Public Affairs (1997); Senior Vice President Public Affairs (2004).
- Appointment to the White House working on health care reform (1993).
- President and Chair of the Board of Trustees of the American Pharmaceutical Association in Washington D.C.
- Bachelor of Science Degree in Pharmacy from the University of Kansas, University of Kansas Distinguished Alumnae award (1998).

Michael Kamarck, Ph.D. (1951-)
- Executive Vice President at Wyeth Pharmaceuticals (2007). Responsible for all aspects of technical operations and product supply, including Pharmaceutical, BioPharma, Vaccine, Consumer Healthcare and Nutritional units.
- Biotechnology and pharmaceutical research for Bayer AG; and Senior Vice President of Operations for Bayer Biologicals.
- Fellow of the Leukemia Society of America at Yale University (1979-1982).
- Graduated from Oberlin College and Ph.D. in Biochemistry from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Charles A. Portwood
- President Global Supply Chain (2001); Executive Vice President at Wyeth Pharmaceuticals.
- Senior Vice President Strategy and Industrial Excellence at Aventis (1970-2001).

Daniel J. McIntyre
- Vice President Corporate Communications at Wyeth Pharmaceuticals (2008).
- Executive committee of the Rutgers University Foundation.
- Member of the Public Relations Society of America.
- Managing Director of the healthcare practice of Fleishman-Hillard International Communications.
- Senior level Communications and Public Policy positions for Pharmacia Corporation, Bayer Corporation's Pharmaceutical Division, the Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, and Hoffmann-La Roche Inc.
- Boards of trustees of Caldwell College, the American Association for World Health, the New England Healthcare Institute, and Connecticut United for Research Excellence.
- Honors graduate of Seton Hall University, and MPA from Rutgers University.

Mikael Dohlsten, M.D., Ph.D.
- President of Research at Wyeth Pharmaceuticals (2008).
- Executive Vice President within Pharmaceutical Research & Development/Medicine at Boehringer Ingelheim.
- Leadership roles in pharmaceutical research including positions with AstraZeneca and Pharmacia & Upjohn.
- Adjunct Professor in Immunology at the Medical Faculty in Lund.
- Ph.D. in tumor immunology and M.D. from the University of Lund in Sweden. Studied virology and cell biology at the Weizmann Institute in Israel.

Robert R. Ruffolo Jr., Ph.D. (1950-)
- President of Research and Senior Vice President (2000-2008) at Wyeth Pharmaceuticals.
- Scientific Advisory Board and Board of Directors at Trevena Inc. (2009).
- 17 years at SmithKline Beecham.
- 6 years at Lilly Research Laboratories.
- B.S. degree in Pharmacy (1973) and Ph.D. degree in Pharmacology (1976) from The Ohio State University.

Emilio A. Emini, Ph.D.
- Executive Vice President Vaccines Research and Development at Wyeth Pharmaceuticals (2005). Strategic leadership of an organization of approximately 600 scientists and professional support employees responsible for research and development for Wyeth Vaccines, focused on research areas that include pneumococcal disease, bacterial meningitis, respiratory diseases, Alzheimer's disease, HIV infection, and sexually transmitted diseases.
- Fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology.
- Senior Vice President for Vaccine Development at the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (2004-2005).
- Positions of increasing responsibility in vaccine and antiviral therapeutic research; Senior Vice President Vaccines and Biologics Research at Merck & Co. Inc. (1983-2004).
- Ph.D. in Microbiology from Cornell University Graduate School of Medical Sciences (1980).
- Postdoctoral Fellow in the Department of Microbiology at the State University of New York at Stony Brook (1980-1983).

Mahdi Fawzi
- Former Executive Vice President Preclinical Development at Wyeth Pharmaceuticals.
- President Global Research and Development at Warner Chilcott plc since October 2009.
- Positions with Warner Lambert, The Procter & Gamble Company and Pfizer Inc.
- Bachelor of Science in Pharmacy from the University of Bagdad and Masters and Doctorate in Pharmaceutical Chemistry from the University of Michigan.

Kevin F. Brady (1956-)
- Senior Attorney (1993); Deputy Chief Counsel for Wyeth Pharmaceuticals and Senior Corporate Counsel (1997); Vice President and Deputy Chief Counsel for Wyeth Pharmaceuticals (1999); Assistant General Counsel (2000); Senior Vice President and Chief Counsel for Wyeth Pharmaceuticals and member of the Executive Management Team (2001); Associate General Counsel (2002); Vice President (2004).
- B.A. in Public Affairs from Princeton University; J.D. from the University of Virginia.

Timothy T. Slater (1947-)
- Assistant General Counsel (1994); Associate General Counsel (1999); responsibility for the legal affairs of Wyeth Consumer Healthcare and Fort Dodge Animal Health; head of Law Department operations; Vice President (2004).
- Vice President and General Counsel at A.H. Robins Company (acquired by Wyeth, 1989).
- B.A. in Political Science from the University of Kentucky; J.D. from Emory University.

Eileen M. Lach (1951-)
- Special Counsel International (1989); Assistant General Counsel (1992); Corporate Secretary (1997); Associate General Counsel International (2000); Vice President Corporate Secretary and Associate General Counsel (2004).
- Partner at Drinker, Biddle & Reath.
- B.A. from the University of Minnesota; J.D. from New York University School of Law; Master's degree from Princeton University.

Gary L. Stiles, M.D.
- Executive Vice President and Chief Medical Officer, responsible for the Clinical
Research & Development organization, which manages all clinical trial studies
for new products, and Global Medical Affairs, which supports the marketed
products through further clinical development, medical education and physician
communications for Wyeth Pharmaceuticals (2004).
- Young Investigator Award from the American College of Cardiology, the American Heart Association Louis N. Katz Basic Science Research Prize, and 5 pharmaceutical patents.
- Vice President and Chief Medical Officer for the Duke University Health System (1999-2004).
- Medical Director for the Duke University Health System Network, responsible for the recruitment and implementation of the external physician network.
- Helped create and chaired (1996) the management committee of PrimaHealth, Physician Association of more than 1,000 physicians including both community and Duke physicians.
- Cardiology Fellow (1981); progressive leadership roles in Department of Medicine; Chief of Cardiology; Director of the Cardiology Training Program; and Vice-Chair of the Department of Medicine at Duke University.
- Medical school at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine and residency in cardiology at Vanderbilt Hospital.

William Ruane (1955-)
- Special Counsel Litigation (1988); Assistant General Counsel (1993); Associate General Counsel (2000); Vice President and Associate General Counsel Litigation (2003).
- B.A. from New York University (1977); J.D. from Fordham Law School (1980).

William Haskel (1961-)
- Positions of increasing responsibility in Law Department (1992); Assistant Vice President Planning; Secretary of the Management Committee; Vice President and Associate General Counsel Corporate (2003).
- B.A. from Franklin & Marshall College (1983); J.D. from the National Law Center at George Washington University (1986).

Lawrence V. Stein (1950-)
- Vice President and Deputy General Counsel (2000-2001); Senior Vice President (2001) and General Counsel (2003).
- Associate General Counsel and Senior Vice President and Chief Legal Counsel of Wyeth-Ayerst and Genetics Institute (1997-2000).
- Senior Vice President and General Counsel at Genetics Institute (1992-1997).
- Practice (1976) and Partner (1984) at Arnold & Porter.
- J.D. from the University of Pennsylvania Law School (1976); A.B. from Columbia College (1971); and M.A. from Cornell University (1974).

Jessica Leigh Stoltenberg (1955-)
- Vice President Corporate Communications (2003).
- Director of Corporate Communications (1996); Vice President Global Public and Media Relations (1999) at Medtronic Inc.
- Public Relations Executive for Tunheim Santrizos Public Relations.
- Bachelor of Arts degree from Baylor University in Waco, Texas.

]]> https://ameblo.jp/kyoufunoegao/entry-10524469371.html Mon, 03 May 2010 00:00:00 +0900 Wyeth - Board of Directors (2009)

Board of Directors

Bernard Poussot
- General Manager France (1986); head of Europe (1991), Executive Vice President (1993), and President (1996) of Wyeth International; President of Wyeth Pharmaceuticals (1997); Chair of the Operations Committee; President, Chief Operating Officer and Vice Chairman, and member of the Board of Directors (2007); Chairman & CEO (2008).
- Boards of the University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, the Eisenhower Fellowships, the French American Chamber of Commerce and the Opera Company of Philadelphia.
- Member of the Business Roundtable.
- Marketing positions in Europe and the USA for Merck and Searle.
- Union League Founders Award for Business Leadership (2006) and Sabin Lifetime Award (2003).
- Graduated from Ecole Superieure de Commerce de Paris (1975).

Robert M. Amen (1949-)
- Board of Directors (2007).
- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of International Flavors & Fragrances Inc., one of the world's leading creators of flavors and fragrances used in a wide variety of consumer products and packaged goods.
- Member of the Advisory Board of the Deming Center at Columbia University in New York City, the Committee to Encourage Corporate Philanthropy, the Leadership Committee of the Lincoln Center Corporate Fund, and the Woodway Country Club Board of Governors.
- Member of the Board of the Inner-City Scholarship Fund, and The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association.
- 26 years with International Paper Company, President (2003-2006), Executive Vice President (2000-2003), President for Europe (1996-2000).
- Bachelor's degree in economics from Boston College and master's degree in business administration from Columbia University.
- Knight of Malta.

Michael J. Critelli
- Vice Chairman; President-Financial Services; Secretary and General Counsel; Chief Personnel Officer; Chairman and Chief Executive Officer; Executive Chairman (2007) of Pitney Bowes Inc., multi billion dollar mail and document management solutions company effective.
- Board of Directors of Pitney Bowes Inc. and Eaton Corporation.
- Chairman of the Board of the National Urban League Board of Trustees, the Connecticut Regional Institute for the 21st Century, the Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Advisory Board, and The Dossia Founders Group.
- Board of Trustees of Catalyst and the Connecticut Center for Science and Exploration.
- Instrumental in leading the $900 billion mailing industry's efforts to articulate and promote its interests. Co-chair of the Mailing Industry Task force with the Deputy Postmaster General, and Chairman of the Mailing Industry CEO Council that provided industry input and advice to the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate on Postal Reform, the President's Commission on the Postal Service and the U.S. Postal Service Transformation Plan.
- Served on the Connecticut Transportation Strategy Board where co-chaired the Board's Funding and Finance Working Group.
- Undergraduate education at the University of Wisconsin and J.D. at Harvard Law School.

Frances D. Fergusson, Ph.D. (1944-)
- Board of Directors (2005).
- Board of Directors of The Getty Trust, HSBC Bank USA (1990-2008), Mattel (2006), CH Energy Inc. (1993-2002).
- Board of Trustees of the The School of American Ballet, Second Stage Theatre, WNET/Thirteen, the Isamu Noguchi Foundation, the National Humanities Center, and the Foundation for Contemporary Arts.
- Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
- President of the board of Overseers of Harvard University (2002-2008).
- Past member of the Board of Directors of the United Way of Dutchess County and the 1991 campaign chair for Dutchess County.
- Board of Trustees (1988-2002), and chair of the board (1998-2002) of the Mayo Foundation.
- Board of Trustees of Historic Hudson (1990-1999).
- Board of Trustees of the Ford Foundation (1989-2001) and chaired its committee on education, media, arts and culture and its proxy committee.
- Centennial Medal of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Harvard University (1999).
- Eleanor Roosevelt Val-Kill Medal (1998).
- 9th President (1986-2006); President Emeritus and professor of art at Vassar College.
- Member of John Kerry for President, and Dean for America.
- Provost and vice president for academic affairs at Bucknell University (1982-1986).
- Former executive committee of the New York Commission in Independent Colleges and Universities, the board of the Society of Architectural Historians of the United States, and the Board of Directors of the National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities.
- National Endowment for the Humanities and Radcliffe Institute Fellow (1974-1975).
- Recipient of the Founders' Award of the Society of Architectural Historians.
- Honorary doctorates from the University of London, Hartford University, and Bard College.
- Graduate of Wellesley College (1965) and master's and doctoral degrees in art history at Harvard University.

Victor F. Ganzi (1947-)
- Chairman of the Board of Directors of the PGA TOUR Inc.
- Board of Directors of the American Museum of Natural History, the Whitney Museum of American Art, Madison Square Boys & Girls Club, The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University, ESPN Inc., the Associated Press, Gentiva Health Services Inc., and Palm Management Corporation, entity that operates the various Palm Restaurants throughout the United States, which has been 50%-owned by his family for the past 80 years.
- Director and nonexecutive chairman of Hearst-Argyle Television Inc.
- Non-executive Chairman of Foster & Partners.
- Member of the Board (1994); Vice-Chairman (2007); Executive Committee, Audit Committee and Legal Affairs Committee; Chairman (2009) of New York City Economic Develpment Corp.
- General Counsel and Vice President (1990); Chief Financial, Legal Officer and Senior Vice President (1992); Executive vice president (1997-2002); chief operating officer (1998-2002); President and chief executive officer (2002-2008) at The Hearst Corporation.
- Co-Chair of the Partnership for New York City.
- Chairman of Hearst-Argyle Television Inc.
- Member of Friends of Giuliani Exploratory Committee.
- Director of Olsten Corporation (1998-2000) and Gentiva (1999).
- Trustee of Fordham University.
- Associate (1973-1978); Partner (1978-1986); Managing Partner (1986-1990) at Rogers & Wells.
- At Touche Ross & Co. (1971-1973).
- BA from Fordham University (1968), JD from Harvard Law School (1971); LLM Taxation from New York University (1981).

Robert S. Langer, Sc.D. (1948-)
- Board of Directors (2004).
- 500 issued or pending patents worldwide. Patents licensed or sublicensed to over 100 pharmaceutical, chemical, biotechnology and medical device companies; a number of these companies launched on the basis of these patent licenses.
- One of 14 Institute Professors (the highest honor awarded to a faculty member) at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
- Faculty member of the Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology.
- Served at various times on 15 boards of directors and 30 Scientific Advisory Boards of such companies as Alkermes, Mitsubishi Pharmaceuticals, Warner-Lambert and Momenta Pharmaceuticals.
- Gairdner Foundation International Award; Charles Stark Draper Prize; Lemelson-MIT prize (1998); Dickson Prize for Science (2002); Heinz Award for Technology, Economy and Employment (2003); Harvey Prize (2003); John Fritz Award (2003); General Motors Kettering Prize for Cancer Research (2004); Dan David Prize in Materials Science (2005); Albany Medical Center Prize in Medicine and Biomedical Research (2005); Inventors Hall of Fame (2006); Millennium Technology Prize (2008).
- Chairman (1999-2002) and member of the United States Food and Drug Administration's SCIENCE Board (1995-2002).
- Elected to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences (1989), the National Academy of Engineering and the National Academy of Sciences (1992).
- Honorary doctorates from the ETH (Switzerland), the Technion (Israel), the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (Israel), the Universite Catholique de Louvain (Belgium), the University of Liverpool (England), the University of Nottingham (England), Albany Medical College; the Pennsylvania State University; Northwestern University; Uppsala University (Sweden); Yale University; Harvard University.
- Postdoctoral fellow for cancer researcher Judah Folkman at the Children's Hospital Boston and at Harvard Medical School (1974-1977).
- Bachelor's Degree from Cornell University (1970) and Sc.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1974), both in Chemical Engineering.

John P. Mascotte (1940-)
- Board of Directors of Pfizer.
- Director and Chairman of the Hallmark Cards and the Crown Media Holdings Inc. Audit Committees.
- Chairman of Common Cents Inc.
- Vice Chairman of the Aspen Community Foundation.
- Member of the Board of the National Catholic Reporter.
- Trustee of the Hall Foundation and Trustee Emeritus of The Aspen Institute.
- New York Public Library, Midwest Research Institute and Lincoln Center Past Trustee.
- Member of Bill Bradley for President, Dean for America, Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee, John Kerry for President, McCain for Senate '98, Obama for America.
- Retired President and Chief Executive Officer of Blue Cross Blue Shield of Kansas City (1997-2001).
- Chairman of Johnson & Higgins of Missouri (1996-1997).
- CEO (1983-1995) of The Continental Corporation, merged with CNA in 1995.

Raymond J. McGuire (1957-)
- Member of the Board since 2006.
- Head of Global Banking for Corporate and Investment Banking at Citigroup Inc.
- Chairman of the Board of De La Salle Academy and the Studio Museum in Harlem.
- Trustee of the Lincoln Center, the New York-Presbyterian Hospital, The New York Public Library, and the Alex Hillman Family Foundation.
- Vice President and Chairman of the Nominating Committee at the Whitney Museum of American Art.
- Formerly President, and Director of the Board at International Center of Photography.
- Member of Obama for America, Obama for Illinois, Bill Bradley for President, Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee, Friends of George Allen, Fund for a Responsible Future, Gore 2000, Hillary Clinton for President, Hillary Rodham Clinton for US Senate Committee, John Kerry for President, John McCain 2008.
- Served on the boards of the Joseph & Claire Flom Foundation, the Howard Gilman Foundation, the Hotchkiss School, and the San Remo Tenants' Corporation (formerly President of the Board).
- Served on various Visiting Committees at Harvard University.
- Formed member of the Overseers/Directors Nominating Committee.
- Honored by the Make-A-Wish Foundation, the Pratt Institute, the Art for Life Foundation, and with the Harvard Business School's African-American Student Union's Professional Achievement Award.
- Global Co-Head of Mergers & Acquisitions at Morgan Stanley.
- Managing Director in the Mergers and Acquisitions Group of Merrill Lynch & Co. Inc.
- One of the original members and Partner/Managing Director (1991) of Wasserstein Perella & Co. Inc.
- Mergers and Acquisitions Group of The First Boston Corporation (1984).
- Legal experience at the law firms of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meaghler & Flom, Patterson, Belknap, Webb & Tyler.
- M.B.A. and J.D. from Harvard Business School and Harvard Law School (1984), and A.B. from Harvard College (1979);
- Rotary Fellowship at the University of Nice, France (1980).

Mary Lake Polan, M.D., Ph.D., M.P.H. (1943-)
- Member of the Board since 2002.
- Director of Quidel Corporation.
- Fellow of the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
- Professor and Chair Emeritus Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Stanford University School of Medicine.
- Member of Bill Bradley for President.
- Served on the Council of the Institute of Medicine, the National Institutes of Health, the American Society for Reproductive Medicine, the American Medical Women's Association, and the Secretary's Advisory Committee on Human Research Protection for the Department of Health and Human Services.
- Maternal and Child Health Program from the University of California, Berkeley (2001).
- Member of Phi Beta Kappa Society.
- Residency and Reproductive Endocrine Fellowship in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Yale University School of Medicine.
- Bachelor's degree from Connecticut College; Ph.D. in molecular biophysics and biochemistry and M.D. from Yale University.
- Husband: Frank A. Bennack, Jr. (2005)

Gary L. Rogers (1944-)
- Director of Rohm & Haas Company and W.W. Grainger Inc.
- Trustee of Florida State University Foundation.
- Member of the Financial Management Program (1966); Manager of Program and Staff Administration (1976); positions of increasing responsibility in the financial and operational management of various divisions and subsidiaries including General Electric Lighting; Senior Vice President (1986); President and Chief Executive Officer of General Electric Appliances (1990-1992); President and Chief Executive Officer of General Electric Plastics (1992-2001); Vice Chairman (2001-2003) of General Electric Company.
- Bachelor's degree in Marketing from Florida State University.

John R. Torell III (1940-)
- Member of the Board of American Home Products (1982-2002) and Wyeth since 2002.
- Chairman of the International Executive Services Corps, world's largest organization providing executive volunteers to developing countries.
- Partner of Core Capital Group.
- Member of Romney for President.
- Chairman of the Board of Telesphere Inc.
- Member of the Board of Volt Information Sciences, Paine Webber (1997), Indecomm Global Services, Heartland Technology Inc. (1997), Claremont Technology Group Inc.
- Former President of Manufacturers Hanover Corporation and Manufacturers Hanover Trust Company, in New York.
- Former Chairman (1988-1989), President and Chief Executive Officer of CalFed Inc. in Los Angeles.
- Part of a New York group that acquired control of Fortune Bancorp, Tampa, the largest independent financial institution on the West Coast of Florida, where was Chairman and CEO (1990-1994).
- Chairman of Telesphere Inc., electronic distributor of financial data.
- Trustee of Columbia University's Graduate School of Business.
- Director of the Juilliard Foundation, the Financial Services Corporation of New York, the New York State Banker's Association and the New York State Banking Board.
- Graduated from Princeton University with B.A. in Economics and studied at New York University's Graduate School of Business and the Graduate School of Credit and Financial Management at Dartmouth.

Former Members

Robert A. Essner (1947-)
- Chief Executive Officer (2001-2007) and Chairman (2003-2008).
- Executive vice president (1997-2000); President and COO (2000-2001) of American Home Products Corporation.
- Senior vice president for sales and marketing (1989-1991); executive vice president (1991-1993); president (1993-1997) of Wyeth-Ayerst Global Pharmacueticals.
- President of Sandoz Consumer HealthCare Group (1987-1989).
- Management positions (1978-1986); vice president (1986-1987); corporate vice president and COO for business management (1987) at Sandoz Pharmaceuticals Corporation.
- Corporate Board Member of Philadelphia Museum of Art.
- Member of Bush-Cheney '04, The Business Council, Business Roundtable, Children's Health Fund, Committee to Encourage Corporate Philanthropy, Kennedy Center Corporate Fund Board, and National Republican Congressional Committee.
- Chairman of Corporate Council.
- Trustee of Committee for Economic Development.
- Board of Directors at Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America.

Ulf Wiinberg (1959-)
- Area Vice President for Africa and the Middle East with Wyeth-Ayerst; Management positions in Europe and USA (1997); President (2002) of Whitehall-Robins Healthcare (Wyeth Consumer Healthcare).
- President and CEO of Lundbeck since June 2008.
- Sales, marketing and general management positions with increasing responsibility overseas and in the U.S. at American Cyanamid's Lederle division (1981).

Frank A. Bennack, Jr. (1933-)
- Member of the Board of American Home Products (1988-2002) and Wyeth (2002-2006).
- Member of the Board (1997) and Chairman (2008) of Hearst-Argyle Television.
- Board of Directors of Ad Council, New York Metropolitan Opera, Polo Ralph Lauren (1998), JP Morgan Chase (1981-2004), Hearst Corporation, The United States Senate Youth Program.
- Advisory Board of International Center for Journalists.
- Trustee (1994) and Chairman (2005) of the Lincoln Center.
- Chairman of the Museum of Television and Radio (2002) and the Newspaper Association of America (1992-1993).
- Vice Chairman of the New York Presbyterian Hospital.
- VP and GM of Newspaper Group (1974-76); EVP and COO (1975-1978); President and CEO (1979-2002) at Hearst Corporation.
- President of Greater San Antonio Chamber of Commerce (1971)
- At San Antonio Light (1950-1967); Publisher and Editor (1967-1974).
- Wife: Mary Lake Polan (2005).

William F. Laporte (1913-2001)
- Joined (1938); President (1960-1965); Chairman, president and chief executive (1965-1973); Chairman and chief executive (1973-1981); Chairman of the executive committee (1981-1986); and Director emeritus.
- Boards of Manufacturers Hanover Trust Co., the B.F. Goodrich Co., American Standard Co. Inc., and the Buck Hill Falls Co.
- Trustee of New York Presbyterian Hospital and the Dime Savings Bank of New York.
- Columbia-Presbyterian Health Sciences Advisory Council.
- Majored in political science from Princeton and member of Elm Club; MBA from Harvard Business School (1938).

John W. Culligan (1916-2004)
- Joined (1937); CEO (1960's); President (1973-1981) of Whitehall Laboratories; Chairman and chief executive (1981-1986); Chairman of executive committee.
- Served with the United States Army during World War II.

John R. Stafford (1937-)
- CEO (1986-2001) and Chairman of the Board (1986-2002).
- Board of Directors at Honeywell (1993), JP Morgan Chase (1997), NYNEX (1989-1997), Verizon (1997).
- Member of American Success PAC, Bill Bradley for President, Bush-Cheney '04, Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee, Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee, Elizabeth Dole Committee, Elizabeth Dole for President, Ensign for Senate, Friends of Dick Lugar, John McCain 2008, Keep Our Mission PAC, National Republican Senatorial Committee, Quayle 2000, Bush Pioneer 2000, Heart Bypass Operation.
- AB in English from Dickinson College and LLB degree from George Washington Law University (1962).

]]> https://ameblo.jp/kyoufunoegao/entry-10518181411.html Mon, 26 Apr 2010 00:00:00 +0900 GlaxoSmithKline - Hepatitis Vaccines (2009)

About
- Ambirix: Hepatitis A (inactivated) and hepatitis B (rDNA) (HAB) vaccine (adsorbed).
- Engerix-B: Hepatitis B Vaccine (Recombinant).
- Fendrix: Hepatitis B (rDNA) vaccine (adjuvanted, adsorbed).
- Havrix: Hepatitis A vaccine, inactivated.
- Hepatyrix: Hepatitis A (inactivated, adsorbed) and Typhoid Polysaccharide vaccine.
- Twinrix: Combined hepatitis A (inactivated virus) and hepatitis B vaccine (genetically derived surface antigen).

Hepatitis

Hepatyrix
- Hepatitis A (inactivated) and Typhoid Polysaccharide vaccine (adsorbed).
- 25 micrograms of the Vi polysaccharide antigen, part of the typhi (Ty2 strain) bacterium that causes typhoid fever.
- 1440 ELISA units of hepatitis A viral protein.
- Excipients: Sodium chloride, Water for injections.

Ambirix (2007)
- First authorisation: August 2002.
- Latest renewal: September 2007.
- Hepatitis A (inactivated) and hepatitis B (rDNA) (HAB) vaccine (adsorbed).
- 2 injections within 12 months, used in infants, children and adolescents from 1 year.
- Cannot completely prevent infections with hepatitis A or B viruses, even after received both doses.
- Former formulation: Thiomersal and preservative containing vaccine.
- Active substances: Hepatitis A virus (inactivated), 720 ELISA Units, produced on human diploid (MRC-5) cells and adsorbed on aluminium hydroxide, hydrated 0.05 milligrams Al3+; Hepatitis B surface antigen, 20 micrograms, produced in yeast cells (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) by recombinant DNA technology and adsorbed on aluminium phosphate 0.4 milligrams Al3+.
- Excipients: Sodium chloride and water for injections.
- Evaluation of pharmacokinetic properties is not required for vaccines.
- Side effects during clinical trials: Pain or discomfort at the injection site or redness; Tiredness; Irritability; Headache; Loss of appetite; Swelling at the injection site; Fever (more than 38°C); Drowsiness; Stomach and digestive complaints waste; Itchy or blistering, swelling of the eyes and face,
difficulty in breathing or swallowing, a sudden drop in blood pressure and loss of consciousness; Flu-like symptoms, including chills, and muscle and joint pains; Fits, dizziness, pins and needles, multiple sclerosis, disease of the nerves of the eye, loss of sensation in, or of the ability to move some parts of the body, severe headache with stiff neck, disruption of the normal brain functions; Faints; Inflammation of some blood vessels; Feeling or being sick, loss of appetite, diarrhoea and stomach pains; Abnormal laboratory liver test results; Swelling of the glands; Bleeding or bruising more easily than normal due to a drop in a type of blood cell called platelets.
- Postmarketing Experience: Abnormal liver function tests; Thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenic purpura, lymphadenopathy; Syncope, dizziness, paresthesia, convulsions; Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain; Rash, pruritis, urticaria; Decreased appetite; Hypotension; Flu-like symptoms, fatigue; Allergic reactions including anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions and serum sickness like disease; Multiple sclerosis, myelitis, facial palsy, polyneuritis such as Guillain-Barré syndrome (with ascending paralysis), encephalitis, encephalopathy; Optic neuritis; Erythema exsudativum multiforme; Meningitis; Vasculitis.

Engerix-B
- Purified surface antigen of the virus obtained by culturing genetically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, which carry the surface antigen gene of the hepatitis B virus.
- Culture media: Yeast or yeast extract.
- Excipients: Aluminum Hydroxide, Phosphate Buffers, Thimerosal, Yeast Protein.
- Pediatric/Adolescent: Each 0.5-mL dose contains 10 mcg of hepatitis B surface antigen
adsorbed on 0.25 mg aluminum as aluminum hydroxide, sodium chloride (9 mg/mL) and phosphate buffers (disodium phosphate dihydrate, 0.98 mg/mL; sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate, 0.71 mg/mL).
- Adult: Each 1-mL adult dose contains 20 mcg of hepatitis B surface antigen adsorbed on 0.5 mg aluminum as aluminum hydroxide, sodium chloride (9 mg/mL) and phosphate buffers (disodium phosphate dihydrate, 0.98 mg/mL; sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate, 0.71 mg/mL).
- Dosing Schedules: 1st dose; 2nd dose, 1 month later; 3rd dose, 6 months after 1st dose.
- Not evaluated for carcinogenic or mutagenic potential, or for impairment of fertility.
- Animal reproduction studies not conducted.
- Not known whether can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity.
- Not known whether is excreted in human milk.
- Adverse Reactions: Dizziness, headache; Fever (>37.5°C), injection site erythema, injection site induration, injection site swelling; Upper respiratory tract illnesses; Lymphadenopathy; Anorexia; Agitation, insomnia; Somnolence, tingling; Flushing, hypotension; Abdominal pain/cramps, constipation, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting; Erythema, petechiae, pruritus, rash,
sweating, urticaria; Arthralgia, back pain, myalgia, pain/stiffness in arm, shoulder, or neck; Chills, influenza-like symptoms, injection site ecchymosis, injection site pain, injection site pruritus, irritability, malaise, weakness.
- Postmarketing Reports: Herpes zoster, meningitis; Thrombocytopenia; Allergic reaction, anaphylactoid reaction, anaphylaxis. Arthralgia/arthritis (usually transient), fever, and
dermatologic reactions such as urticaria, erythema multiforme, ecchymoses, and erythema
nodosum; Encephalitis, encephalopathy, migraine, multiple sclerosis, neuritis, neuropathy including hypoesthesia, paresthesia, Guillain-Barré syndrome and Bell's palsy, optic neuritis, paralysis, paresis, seizures, syncope, transverse myelitis; Conjunctivitis, keratitis, visual disturbances; Earache, tinnitus, vertigo; Palpitations, tachycardia; Vasculitis; Apnea, bronchospasm including asthma-like symptoms; Dyspepsia; Alopecia, angioedema, eczema, erythema multiforme including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema nodosum, lichen planus, purpura; Arthritis, muscular weakness; Injection site reaction; Abnormal liver function tests.

Havrix
- Culture media: Human diploid tissue culture, MRC-5.
- Excipients: Aluminum Hydroxide, Amino Acids, Formaldehyde or Formalin, MRC-5, Cellular Protein, Neomycin Sulfate, 2-Phenoxyethanol, Phosphate Buffers, Polysorbate.

Twinrix
- Sterile suspension of inactivated hepatitis A virus (strain HM175) propagated in MRC-5 cells, and combined with purified surface antigen (HBsAg) of the hepatitis B virus obtained by culturing genetically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, which carry the surface antigen gene of the hepatitis B virus, in synthetic media containing inorganic salts, amino acids, dextrose, and vitamins. Bulk preparations of each antigen are adsorbed separately onto aluminum salts and then pooled during formulation.
- Contains the antigenic components used in producing Havrix and Engerix-B, for persons 18 years of age or older.
- Culture media: Human diploid tissue culture (MRC-5), yeast or yeast extract.
- Excipients: Aluminum Hydroxide, Aluminum Phosphate, Amino Acids, Dextrose, Formaldehyde or Formalin, Inorganic Salts, MRC-5 Cellular Protein, Neomycin Sulfate, 2-Phenoxyethanol, Phosphate Buffers, Polysorbate 20, Thimerosal.
- 1.0-mL dose of vaccine contains 720 ELISA Units of inactivated hepatitis A virus and
15 20 mcg of recombinant HBsAg protein.
- 1 dose of vaccine also contains 0.45 mg of aluminum in the form of aluminum phosphate and aluminum hydroxide as adjuvants, amino acids, sodium chloride, phosphate buffer, polysorbate 20, Water for Injection, traces of formalin (not more than 0.1 mg), and residual MRC-5 cellular proteins (not more than 2.5 mcg).
- Neomycin sulfate, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is included in the cell growth media; only trace amounts (not more than 20 ng) remain following purification.
- Primary immunization for adults consists of 3 doses, given on a 0, 1, and 6-month schedule. Alternatively, a 4-dose schedule, given on days 0, 7 and 21 to 30 followed by a booster dose at month 12 may be used.
- As with any vaccine, vaccination may not protect 100% of recipients.
- Not evaluated for carcinogenic potential, mutagenic potential, or potential for impairment of fertility.
- Healthcare providers are encouraged to register pregnant women in the GlaxoSmithKline vaccination pregnancy registry.
- Not known whether is excreted in human milk.
- Clinical studies did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects.
- As with any vaccine, broad use could reveal adverse events not observed in clinical trials.
- Postmarketing Reports: Herpes zoster, meningitis; Thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenic purpura; Allergic reaction, anaphylactoid reaction, anaphylaxis, serum sickness–like syndrome days to weeks after vaccination including arthralgia/arthritis (usually transient), fever, urticaria, erythema multiforme, ecchymoses, and erythema nodosum; Bell's palsy, convulsions, encephalitis, encephalopathy, Guillain-Barré syndrome, hypoesthesia, myelitis, multiple sclerosis, neuritis, neuropathy, optic neuritis, paralysis, paresis, transverse myelitis; Conjunctivitis, visual disturbances; Earache, tinnitus; Palpitations, tachycardia; Vasculitis; Bronchospasm including asthma-like symptoms, dyspnea; Dyspepsia; Hepatitis, jaundice; Alopecia, angioedema, eczema, erythema multiforme, erythema nodosum, hyperhydrosis, lichen planus; Arthritis, muscular weakness; Chills, injection site reaction, malaise; Abnormal liver function tests.
]]> https://ameblo.jp/kyoufunoegao/entry-10518186785.html Mon, 19 Apr 2010 00:00:00 +0900 GlaxoSmithKline - Vaccines (2009)

About
- ACWY Vax: Meningococcal polysaccharides serogroups A, C, W135 and Y.
- Ambirix: Hepatitis A (inactivated) and hepatitis B (rDNA) (HAB) vaccine (adsorbed).
- Arepanrix: AS03-Adjuvanted H1N1 Pandemic Influenza Vaccine.
- Boostrix: Tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine, adsorbed.
- Cervarix: Human Papillomavirus vaccine (types 16, 18), recombinant, adjuvanted, adsorbed.
- Engerix-B: Hepatitis B Vaccine (Recombinant).
- Fendrix: Hepatitis B (rDNA) vaccine (adjuvanted, adsorbed).
- Fluarix: Influenza vaccine.
- FluLaval: Influenza vaccine.
- Havrix: Hepatitis A vaccine, inactivated.
- Hepatyrix: Hepatitis A (inactivated, adsorbed) and Typhoid Polysaccharide vaccine.
- Hiberix: Haemophilus B conjugate vaccine (tetanus toxoid conjugate).
- Infanrix: Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine adsorbed.
- Infanrix IPV: Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (acellular, component) and poliomyelitis (inactivated) vaccine (adsorbed).
- Infanrix IPV + HIB: Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (acellular, component) and poliomyelitis (inactivated) and Haemophilus influenzae serotype b conjugate vaccine (adsorbed).
- Kinrix: Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis adsorbed and inactivated poliovirus vaccine.
- Menitorix: Combined Haemophilus influenzae type b and Neisseria meningitidis group C (Hib-MenC) conjugate vaccines.
- Pandemrix: AS03-Adjuvanted H1N1 Pandemic Influenza Vaccine.
- Pediarix: Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis adsorbed, hepatitis B (recombinant) and inactivated poliovirus vaccine combined.
- Poliomyelitis: Poliomyelitis monodose vaccine live (oral).
- Priorix: Measles, mumps and rubella vaccine (live attenuated virus).
- Rotarix: Human rotavirus vaccine, live attenuated.
- Twinrix: Combined hepatitis A (inactivated virus) and hepatitis B vaccine (genetically derived surface antigen).
- Typherix: Typhoid vaccine (purified polysaccharide antigen).
- Varilrix: Varicella in healthy adults and adolescents.

Influenza

FluLaval
- Initial U.S. Approval: 2006.
- Each 0.5 mL dose contains 15 micrograms (mcg) of influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) of each of the following 3 strains: A/Brisbane/59/2007, IVR-148 (H1N1), A/Uruguay/716/2007, NYMC X-175C (H3N2) (an A/Brisbane/10/2007-like virus), and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
- Each dose may also contain residual amounts of egg proteins (≤1 mcg ovalbumin), formaldehyde (≤25 mcg), and sodium deoxycholate (≤50 mcg).
- Culture media: Chicken embryo.
- Excipients: Egg Albumin (Ovalbumin), Egg Protein, Formaldehyde or Formalin, Sodium Deoxycholate, Phosphate Buffers, Thimerosal (each 0.5 mL dose contains 25 mcg mercury).
- Randomized controlled clinical trials: United States + Canada = 1,049 adults.
- No controlled trials demonstrating a decrease in influenza disease after vaccination performed.
- Not evaluated for carcinogenic or mutagenic potential, or for impairment of fertility.
- Safety and effectiveness not established in pregnant women, nursing mothers, and children.
- Appropriate medical treatment, including epinephrine, and supervision must be available to manage possible anaphylactic reactions following administration of the vaccine.
- If Guillain-Barré syndrome occurred within 6 weeks of receipt of a prior influenza vaccine, the decision should be based on careful consideration of the potential benefits and risks.
- Vaccination may not protect all susceptible individuals.
- As with any vaccine, broad use could reveal adverse events not observed in clinical trials.
- Postmarketing Experience: Lymphadenopathy; Conjunctivitis, eye pain, photophobia; Dysphagia, vomiting; Chest pain, injection site inflammation, rigors, asthenia, injection site rash, influenza-like symptoms, abnormal gait, injection site bruising, injection site sterile abscess; Allergic edema of the face, allergic edema of the mouth, anaphylaxis, allergic edema of the throat; Pharyngitis, rhinitis, laryngitis, cellulitis; Muscle weakness, back pain, arthritis; Dizziness, paresthesia, hypoesthesia, hypokinesia, tremor, somnolence, syncope, Guillain-Barré syndrome, convulsions/seizures, facial or cranial nerve paralysis, encephalopathy, limb paralysis; Insomnia; Dyspnea, dysphonia, bronchospasm, throat tightness; Urticaria, localized or generalized rash, pruritus, periorbital edema, sweating; Flushing, pallor.

Fluarix
- Initial U.S. Approval: 2005.
- Influenza virus subtypes A and type B contained in the vaccine, for use in persons 3 years of age and older.
- Culture media: Chicken embryo.
- Excipients: Egg Albumin (Ovalbumin), Egg Protein, Formaldehyde or Formalin, Gentamicin, Hydrocortisone, Octoxynol-10, á-Tocopheryl Hydrogen Succinate, Polysorbate 80, Sodium Deoxycholate, Sodium Phosphate, Thimerosal.
- 45 micrograms (mcg) hemagglutinin (HA) per 0.5-mL dose, in the recommended ratio of 15 mcg HA of each of the following 3 strains: A/Brisbane/59/2007, IVR-148 (H1N1), A/Uruguay/716/2007, NYMC X-175C (H3N2) (an A/Brisbane/10/2007-like virus), and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
- Each 0.5-mL dose also contains octoxynol-10 (TRITON X-100) ≤0.085 mg, α-tocopheryl hydrogen succinate ≤0.1 mg, and polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) ≤0.415 mg.
- Each dose may also contain residual amounts of hydrocortisone ≤0.0016 mcg, gentamicin sulfate ≤0.15 mcg, ovalbumin ≤1 mcg, formaldehyde ≤50 mcg, and sodium deoxycholate ≤50 mcg from the manufacturing process.
- Not evaluated for carcinogenic or mutagenic potential, or for impairment of fertility.
- Not known whether is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when is administered to a nursing woman.
- No adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women.
- Do not administer to anyone with known systemic hypersensitivity reactions to egg proteins (a vaccine component) or a life-threatening reaction to previous administration of any influenza vaccine.
- If Guillain-Barré syndrome occurred within 6 weeks of receipt of a prior influenza vaccine, the decision should be based on careful consideration of the potential benefits and risks.
- Vaccination may not protect all susceptible individuals.
- There is the possibility that broad use could reveal adverse reactions not observed in clinical trials.
- Postmarketing Experience: Lymphadenopathy; Tachycardia; Vertigo; Conjunctivitis, eye irritation, eye pain, eye redness, eye swelling, eyelid swelling; Abdominal pain or discomfort, nausea, swelling of the mouth, throat, and/or tongue; Asthenia, chest pain, chills, feeling hot, injection site mass, injection site reaction, injection site warmth, body aches; Anaphylactic reaction including shock, anaphylactoid reaction, hypersensitivity, serum sickness; Injection site abscess, injection site cellulitis, pharyngitis, rhinitis, tonsillitis; Pain in extremity; Convulsion, dizziness, encephalomyelitis, facial palsy, facial paresis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, hypoesthesia, myelitis, neuritis, neuropathy, paresthesia; Asthma, bronchospasm, cough, dyspnea, respiratory distress, stridor; Angioedema, erythema, erythema multiforme, facial swelling, pruritus, rash, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, urticaria; Henoch-Schönlein purpura, vasculitis.

Arepanrix & Pandemrix
- Nano vaccine: Particle size of AS03 adjuvant is 150-155 nm, side effects even on the DNA level.
- Arepanrix: Authorized by Health Canada based on limited clinical testing in humans under the provision of an Interim Order issued on October 2009.
- Pandemrix: Approved for use by the European Commission in September 2009 upon recommendations of the European Medicines Agency for use when H1N1 influenza pandemic declared by the World Health Organization or European Union.
- 2-component vaccine consisting of an H1N1 immunizing antigen (as a suspension), and an
AS03 adjuvant (as an oil-in-water emulsion).
- Antigen per 0.5mL dose: Split influenza virus, inactivated, containing antigen isolated from virus propagated in eggs equivalent to A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)v-like strain (X-179A) 3.75μg haemagglutinin.
- Preservative per 0.5mL dose: 5μg Thimerosal USP or 2.5 micrograms organic mercury (Hg).
- AS03 adjuvant per 0.5mL dose: 10.69 mg squalene, 11.86 mg DL-α-tocopherol, 4.86 mg polysorbate 80.
- Antigen suspension vial: Thimerosal, sodium chloride, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, water for injections. The drug substance contains trace residual amounts of egg proteins, formaldehyde, sodium deoxycholate and sucrose.
- Adjuvant emulsion vial: Sodium chloride, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium
dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, water for injections.
- Limited clinical experience in healthy adults aged 18-60 years and no clinical experience in the elderly, in children or in adolescents.
- Pregnancy and Lactation: No data.
- No studies on the effects on the ability to drive and use machines.
- Evaluation of pharmacokinetic properties not required for vaccines.
- Side Effects: Headache; Fatigue; Redness or swelling at the injection site; Shivering; Sweating; Aching muscles, joint pain; Reactions at the injection site such as bruising, itching and warmth; Fever; Swollen lympth nodes; Feeling sick, diarrhea; Dizziness; Generally feeling unwell; Unusual weakness; Vomiting, stomach pain, uncomfortable feeling in the stomach or belching after eating; Inability to sleep; Tingling or numbness of the hands or feet; Shortness of breath; Pain in the chest; Itching, rash; Pain in the back or neck, stiffness in the muscles, muscle spasms, pain in extremity such as leg or hand; Allergic reactions leading to a dangerous decrease of blood pressure, which, if untreated, may lead to shock; Fits; Severe stabbing or throbbing pain along one or more nerves; Low blood platelet count which can result in bleeding or bruising; Vasculitis (inflammation of the blood vessels which can cause skin rashes, joint pain and kidney problems); Neurological disorders such as encephalomyelitis (inflammation of the central nervous system), neuritis (inflammation of nerves) and a type of paralysis known a Guillain-Barré Syndrome.

Governments & H1N1 Influenza Vaccine
- UK Government: 60 million doses.
- French Government: 50 million doses.
- Government of Belgium: 12.6 million doses (total population).
- Government of Finland: 5.3 million doses, expected to be used in conjunction with government's existing stockpile of GSK's adjuvant system.
- US Government: A(H1N1) influenza antigen and proprietary adjuvant system AS03, 7.6 million doses of unadjuvanted H1N1 pandemic vaccine, produced in multi-dose vials from bulk vaccine manufactured at facility in Quebec, 250 million doses of pandemic (H1N1) adjuvanted vaccine, and pandemic products worth $250 million.
- 9 government contracts for a further 96 million doses.
- 22 government orders agreed to supply a further 149 million doses.
- Total number of doses ordered for pandemic vaccines: 440 million.
- Discussions with governments for further supplies.

2009
- The UK Government purchases 18 million treatment courses of antivirals and 10.6 million treatment courses of Relenza (zanamivir) for use in an influenza pandemic. The UK becomes the 2nd European country, alongside France, to hold a treatment stockpile sufficient to treat 50% of their population. Zanamivir constitutes approximately a 3rd of the UK's current antiviral stockpile. Since 2003, Relenza has been supplied to 26 governments for the purposes of pandemic stockpiling and on average the product constituted 13% of these stockpiles. Production levels for Relenza increased to produce between 50-60 million treatment packs of Relenza per year.
- New alliance with Shenzhen Neptunus Interlong Bio-Technique Co. Ltd. to develop and manufacture influenza vaccines in China.
- Worldwide agreements with Enigma Diagnostics Limited to develop and supply the first point-of-care diagnostic influenza tests to identify specific influenza virus strains using its real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction technology platform, the Enigma ML (Mini Laboratory).
- Relenza Rotacaps, alternative Relenza treatment, granted temporary approval by Swedish regulators, as part of an application submitted under the European mutual recognition procedure for distribution during a pandemic. In discussions with regulatory authorities around the world to secure further approvals.
- Contracts in place to supply Relenza to over 60 governments.
- Allocated 10% of new Relenza production capacity for developing countries and intended donation of 2 million doses of Relenza to the WHO.
- Tiered-pricing policy for Relenza, again based on World Bank classification of countries.
- Donation to the WHO of 50 million doses of H5N1 pre-pandemic vaccine to the new candidate A (H1N1) adjuvanted influenza vaccine and supply to developing countries under a tiered-pricing policy based on World Bank classifications and GAVI eligibility.
- Worldwide collaboration and license agreement with Vivalis devoted to developing a new way of producing both seasonal and pandemic human influenza vaccines. Milestones included the designing of a manufacturing process capable of obtaining a high level of virus productivity compatible with industrial development and an important step in the characterization of the sanitary status of the EB66 cell line.
- Agreement with Kaketsuken to co-develop influenza vaccines, including pandemic influenza vaccines, produced using EB66 cell-culture technology in Japan.
- GSK expects to increase annual production capacity of Relenza to 190 million treatment courses by the end of 2009.
- European Commission grants marketing authorisation of pandemic (H1N1) adjuvanted vaccine Pandemrix for pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza.
- Agreement with the World Health Organization to donate 50 million doses of adjuvanted pandemic H1N1 influenza vaccine to WHO for distribution to developing countries most in need.
- FDA approves supplemental biologics license application for unadjuvanted influenza A (H1N1) pandemic vaccine.
- Health Canada approves adjuvant-free H1N1 vaccine for pregnant women and healthy individuals aged 10 to 64.
- 172,000 doses of Arepanrix, distributed to almost half of the country, recalled after 6 Canadians experienced severe allergic reaction called anaphylaxis, which causes breathing problems, low blood pressure and swelling of the tongue, lips and eyes. Confirmed 24 cases including one person who died after getting vaccinated.
- World Health Organization awards prequalification for global use of Arepanrix, adjuvanted H1N1 pandemic vaccine manufactured in Canada.

2008
- European licence for Pandemrix, a "mock-up" pandemic vaccine, and first company to obtain a European licence for a pre-pandemic vaccine, Prepandrix, designed to raise immune protection against several strains of the H5N1 virus.
- Exclusive Cooperation Agreement with Shenzhen Neptunus Interlong Bio-Technique Co. Ltd. as a preliminary step in forming a Joint Venture company to co-develop seasonal influenza vaccines and pre-pandemic/pandemic influenza vaccines, firstly targeting against strains of the virus specific to China, Hong Kong and Macau.

2007
- Contract from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services for the development of pre-pandemic and pandemic flu vaccines.
- Donation of 50 million doses of H5N1 adjuvanted pre-pandemic influenza vaccine to the World Health Organization in support of stockpile initiative.
- Second task order for 22.5 million doses of 15µg H5N1 bulk vaccine antigen from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
- Agreement with the U.K. Government to provide pandemic influenza vaccine in the event of a flu pandemic.
- Agreement with Vivalis to develop and commercialise new human influenza vaccines based on Vivalis' proprietary EBx cell line technology. Under this worldwide collaboration and license agreement, Vivalis participates in the vaccine process development, and GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals is entitled to use Vivalis' avian embryonic stem cell derived EBx cell lines and related technologies to produce seasonal and pandemic human flu vaccines.
- New generation H5N1 split antigen pre-pandemic influenza vaccine accepted for review by the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use in Europe.

2006
- GSK produces over 10 million packs of anti-flu treatment Relenza in one year.
- International clinical human trial programme to test two pandemic vaccines against the H5N1 strain of the avian influenza virus in humans.
- $274 million contract from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to speed the development of new cell culture-based seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccines and to scale-up cell culture manufacturing capability at its Marietta, PA facility.
- Daronrix, first generation alum-adjuvanted inactivated whole virus candidate flu vaccine for use once a pandemic has officially been declared by the WHO/E.U., receives positive opinion from Europe's Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use. This is a first step in the preparation against a possible H5N1 pandemic.
- Task order for 5 million doses of H5N1 clade 2 bulk antigen at 15µg HA/dose from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
- Shipping of 25 million doses of Fluarix and FluLaval to U.S.
- Supply contract with the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health for 8 million doses of H5N1 antigen influenza vaccine and its proprietary adjuvant for pre-pandemic use.
- Licensing agreement with Simcere Pharmaceutical Group of Nanjing, China, granting Simcere the right to manufacture and sell the anti-viral influenza treatment zanamivir in China, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam and all Least Developed Countries.
- Approval in the E.U. of anti-viral Relenza (zanamivir for inhalation) in the prevention (prophylaxis) of influenza A and B in adults and children 5 years of age and above.
- Agreement with the U.S. Government to provide the anti-viral Relenza (zanamivir for inhalation) as they prepare for a potential influenza pandemic.

2005
- GSK's acquisitions: a major influenza vaccine manufacturer, ID Biomedical Corporation; a vaccine manufacturing site in Marietta, Pennsylvania, for cell-culture-based flu vaccines and secondary operations; Corixa Corporation, for its work in developing innovative adjuvants designed to stimulate immunity.
- FDA approves Fluarix, an influenza virus vaccine.
- GSK CEO JP Garnier meets U.S. President Bush to discuss pandemic flu planning.

Rotavirus

Rotarix
- Approved by the FDA in 2008.
- Liquid suspension of the live attenuated human rotavirus RIX4414 strain.
- Doses: 1-mL administered orally, 1st dose at 6 weeks of age, 2nd dose after an interval of at least 4 weeks and prior to 24 weeks of age.
- Each 1-mL dose contains a suspension of at least 106.0 median Cell Culture Infective Dose (CCID50) of live, attenuated human G1P rotavirus after reconstitution.
- Live, attenuated rotavirus vaccine derived from the human 89-12 strain which belongs to G1P[8] type. The rotavirus strain is propagated on Vero cells. After reconstitution, the final formulation (1 mL) contains at least 106.0 median Cell Culture Infective Dose (CCID50) of live, attenuated rotavirus.
- The lyophilized vaccine contains amino acids, dextran, Dulbecco's Modified Eagle
Medium, sorbitol, and sucrose.
- Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium contains sodium chloride, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, ferric (III) nitrate, sodium phosphate, sodium pyruvate, D-glucose, concentrated vitamin solution, L-cystine, L-tyrosine, amino acids solution, L-glutamine, calcium chloride, sodium hydrogenocarbonate, and phenol red.
- The liquid diluent contains calcium carbonate, sterile water, xanthan, and an antacid component (calcium carbonate).
- Contaminated with DNA from porcine circovirus 1, a virus from pigs, in both the cell bank and the seed from which the vaccine is derived, suggesting presence from the early stages of vaccine development.
- Vaccinations: More than 1 million children in the United States and 30 million worldwide.
- 8 clinical studies: 68 deaths following administration of ROTARIX (1/540) and 50 deaths following placebo administration (1/689). The most commonly reported cause of death following vaccination was pneumonia, observed in 19 recipients of ROTARIX and 10 placebo recipients.
- Postmarketing Experience: Intussusception (including death), hematochezia,
gastroenteritis with vaccine viral shedding in infants with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Disease; Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura; Kawasaki disease; Maladministration.
- Animal reproduction studies not conducted.
- Not known whether can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can
affect reproduction capacity.
- Safety and effectiveness in infants younger than 6 weeks or older than 24 weeks of age not evaluated.
- Not evaluated for carcinogenic or mutagenic potential, or for impairment of fertility.

Varicella

Varilrix
- Lyophilised preparation of the live attenuated Oka strain of varicella-zoster virus, obtained by propagation of the virus in MRC5 human diploid cell culture.
- Each 0.5ml dose of the reconstituted vaccine contains not less than 10 plaque-forming units
(PFU) of the varicella-zoster virus, amino acids, human albumin, lactose, neomycin sulphate, polyalcohols, mannitol, sorbitol.
- Manufacture includes exposure to bovine derived materials.
- As for any vaccine, may not result in protection from subsequent infection with varicella virus in 100% of subjects.
- Duration of protection: Unknown.
- Safety and efficacy not established in persons who are known to be infected with HIV, with or without evidence of immunosuppression.
- Contraindicated in pregnant women as the possible effects on foetal development are unknown.
- Pregnancy should be avoided for 3 months after vaccination.
- Effect on breast fed infants of the administration to their mothers not evaluated in clinical studies.
- May be administered at the same time as a measles-containing vaccine.
- Salicylates should be avoided for 6 weeks after varicella vaccination as Reye's syndrome has
been reported following the use of salicylates during natural varicella infection.
- Post-marketing Data: Encephalitis viral, herpes zoster and varicella; Hypersensitivity, anaphylactic reactions; Convulsions, cerebellar ataxia.
- Events reported in children: Pain at the injection site, redness, swelling, swelling
(>2cm), redness (>2cm), injection site reaction, contact dermatitis; Fever, rash, injury, viral infection; Varicella-like rash, fever >39°C, fatigue, pain, infection, bacterial infection, fungal infection; Malaise; Pruritis, eczema, purpura, sweat gland disorder,
dry skin, urticaria; Diarrhoea, abdominal pain, vomiting, toothache, nausea, dyspepsia; Arthralgia, myalgia; Headache, nervousness, somnolence, irritability; URTI, coughing, pharyngitis, rhinitis, asthma, sinusitis, respiratory disorder; Conjunctivitis, otitis media, earache.
- Events reported in adults: Pain at the injection site, injection site reaction, redness,
injection site inflammation, injection site mass; Fever, fatigue, chest pain, injury, malaise, infection viral, Varicella-like rash; Dermatitis, pruritis, rash, urticaria; Diarrhoea, abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea, gastroenteritis; Headache, dizziness, migraine,
somnolence, irritability; URTI, pharyngitis, asthma, bronchitis, coughing, sinusitis, rhinitis, sputum increased; Lymphadenopathy, lymphadenopathy cervical; Arthralgia, back pain, myalgia; Conjunctivitis.

Diphtheria and Tetanus

Pediarix
- Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids, inactivated pertussis toxin, formaldehyde-treated filamentous hemagglutinin and pertactin (69 kiloDalton outer membrane protein), hepatitis B surface antigen, plus poliovirus Type 1 (Mahoney), Type 2 (MEF-1), and Type 3 (Saukett).
- Diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid, and pertussis antigens are the same as those in Infanrix.
- Hepatitis B surface antigen is the same as that in Engerix-B.
- Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids Adsorbed Combined Bulk (For Further Manufacturing Use)
is manufactured by Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics GmbH & Co., Marburg, Germany.
- Culture media: Bovine protein, Lathan medium derived from bovine casein, Linggoud-Fenton medium derived from bovine extract, Monkey kidney tissue culture (Vero), synthetic or semisynthetic.
- Excipients: Aluminum Hydroxide, Aluminum Phosphate, Bovine Protein, Lactalbumin, Hydrolysate, Formaldehyde or Formalin, Glutaraldhyde, Monkey Kidney Tissue, Neomycin, 2-Phenoxyethanol, Polymyxin B, Polysorbate 80, Yeast Protein.
- Indicated for active immunization against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough), all known subtypes of hepatitis B virus, and poliomyelitis caused by poliovirus Types 1, 2, and 3 as a 3-dose primary series in infants born of HBsAg-negative mothers, beginning as early as 6 weeks of age.
- Should not be administered to any infant before the age of 6 weeks, or to individuals 7 years of age or older.
- Infants born of HBsAg-positive mothers should receive Hepatitis B Immune Globulin (Human) and monovalent Hepatitis B Vaccine (Recombinant) within 12 hours of birth and should complete the hepatitis B vaccination series according to a particular schedule.
- Infants born of mothers of unknown HBsAg status should receive monovalent Hepatitis B
Vaccine (Recombinant) within 12 hours of birth and should complete the hepatitis B vaccination
series according to a particular schedule.
- The primary immunization series is 3 doses of 0.5 mL, given intramuscularly, at 6 to 8 week intervals (preferably 8 weeks). The customary age for the first dose is 2 months of age, but it may be given starting at 6 weeks of age.
- Should not be administered to any infant before the age of 6 weeks.
- As with any vaccine, may not protect 100% of individuals receiving the vaccine.
- Not evaluated for carcinogenic or mutagenic potential, or for impairment of fertility.
- Not indicated for women of child-bearing age.
- Animal reproduction studies not conducted.
- Not known whether can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or if can affect reproductive capacity.
- Not indicated for use in adult populations.
- Safety and effectiveness in infants younger than 6 weeks of age not evaluated.
- Not recommended for persons 7 years of age or older.
- In 14 clinical trials, 5 deaths were reported among 8,088 (1/1617) recipients. Included 2 cases of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, 1 case of convulsive disorder, 1 case of congenital
immunodeficiency with sepsis, and 1 case of neuroblastoma.
- Postmarketing Reports: Cyanosis; Diarrhea, vomiting; Fatigue, injection site cellulitis,
injection site induration, injection site itching, injection site nodule/lump, injection site pain, injection site reaction, injection site redness, injection site swelling, injection site vesicles, injection site warmth, irritability, limb pain, limb swelling, pyrexia, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome; Anaphylactic reaction, anaphylactoid reaction, hypersensitivity; Upper respiratory tract infection; Abnormal liver function tests; Anorexia; Bulging fontanelle, convulsions, depressed level of consciousness, encephalitis, febrile convulsion, hypotonia, hypotonic-hyporesponsive episode, lethargy, somnolence; Crying, insomnia, nervousness, restlessness, screaming, unusual crying; Apnea, cough, dyspnea; Angioedema, erythema, rash, urticaria; Pallor, petechiae.

Kinrix
- Initial U.S. Approval: 2008.
- Each 0.5-mL dose is formulated to contain 25 Lf of diphtheria toxoid, 10 Lf of tetanus toxoid, 25 mcg of inactivated pertussin toxin , 25 mcg of filamentous hemagglutinin, 8 mcg of pertactin (69 kiloDalton outer membrane protein), 40 D-antigen Units (DU) of Type 1 poliovirus (Mahoney), 8 DU of Type 2 poliovirus (MEF-1), and 32 DU of Type 3 poliovirus (Saukett).
- Each 0.5-mL dose contains 4.5 mg of NaCl and aluminum adjuvant (not more than 0.6 mg aluminum by assay). Each dose also contains ≤100 mcg of residual formaldehyde and ≤100 mcg of polysorbate 80 (Tween 80). Neomycin sulfate and polymyxin B are used in the poliovirus vaccine manufacturing process and may be present in the final vaccine at ≤0.05 ng neomycin and ≤0.01 ng polymyxin B per dose.
- Diphtheria toxin: Produced by growing Corynebacterium diphtheriae in Fenton medium containing a bovine extract.
- Tetanus toxin: Produced by growing Clostridium tetani in a modified Latham medium derived from bovine casein.
- The acellular pertussis antigens (PT, FHA, and pertactin) are isolated from Bordetella
pertussis culture grown in modified Stainer-Scholte liquid medium. PT and FHA are isolated
from the fermentation broth; pertactin is extracted from the cells by heat treatment and
flocculation. The antigens are purified in successive chromatographic and precipitation steps. PT is detoxified using glutaraldehyde and formaldehyde. FHA and pertactin are treated with formaldehyde. Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis antigens (inactivated PT, FHA, and pertactin) are individually adsorbed onto aluminum hydroxide.
- Each of the 3 strains of poliovirus is individually grown in VERO cells, a continuous line of monkey kidney cells, cultivated on microcarriers. Calf serum and lactalbumin hydrolysate are used during VERO cell culture and/or virus culture.
- Indicated for active immunization against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and poliomyelitis as the 5th dose in the diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine series and the 4th dose in the inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) series in children 4 through 6 years of age whose previous DTaP vaccine doses have been with Infanrix and/or Pediarix for the 1st 3 doses and Infanrix for the fourth dose.
- Animal reproduction studies not conducted.
- Not known whether can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect
reproduction capacity.
- Not evaluated for carcinogenic or mutagenic potential, or for impairment of fertility.
- Safety and effectiveness in children younger than 4 years of age and children 7 to 16 years of age not evaluated. Not approved for use in persons in these age groups.

Infanrix
- Culture media: Cohen-Wheeler or Stainer-Scholte media, Lathan medium derived from bovine casein, Linggoud-Fenton medium derived from bovine extract, synthetic or semisynthetic.
- Excipients: Aluminum Hydroxide, Bovine Extract, Formaldehyde or Formalin, Glutaraldhyde, 2-Phenoxyethanol, Polysorbate 80.
]]> https://ameblo.jp/kyoufunoegao/entry-10518187720.html Mon, 12 Apr 2010 00:00:00 +0900 Bayer CropScience - History

About
- AgrEvo = Merger of Hoechst (60%) and Schering (40%) in 1994, integrating the crop protection and pest control business of Roussel Uclaf (more than 10,000 patents worldwide).
- Aventis = Merger of Rhône-Poulenc S.A. and Hoechst AG in 1999.
- Aventis CropScience = Merger of AgrEvo and Rhône-Poulenc Agro.
- Bayer CropScience: Bayer acquires Aventis CropScience in 2002 (biggest acquisition in Bayer history).
- Sales: €6.4 billion in 2008 ; €5.8 billion in 2007 ; €5.7 billion in 2006 ; €5.9 billion in 2005 ; €5.95 billion in 2004.
- Member of CropLife International.
- Bayer CropScience supports international institutions such as the World Health Organisation, UNICEF, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, and the U.S. Agency for International Development through its Environmental Science Business Unit.

Business

2009
- Partnership with North Carolina University.
- Research agreement with the German Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, non-university research centre funded by the federal and regional government, to develop genetically modified, high-yielding canola hybrids.
- Exclusive 5 year collaboration with Nature Source Genetics involving the pre-breeding and enhancement of cotton germplasm.
- Renewed framework agreement signed in 2005 with Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, operating under the auspices of the Ministry of Research, France. Around €4 million in joint projects over the next 4 years.
- Bayer CropScience acquires certain assets and technology related to biological development products of Agrogreen, a business unit of the Minrav Group, Israel. The acquired assets include products marketed under the brand name BioNem (active ingredient Bacillus firmus), currently registered in Israel for use in cucumbers, eggplant, pepper, tomato, almond, apricot, olive, peach, plum, pomegranate, major herbs, flowers and garlic.
- 3-year collaboration with Evogene Ltd. focused on increasing rice productivity and yield.
- Concluded a multi-year research agreement with Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium, to develop new post-harvest solutions to protect fruit and vegetable produce against fungal diseases.
- New Plant Biotechnology Research center in Morrisville, North Carolina, U.S.
- Research agreement with the Innovative Vector Control Consortium, Liverpool, U.K., to discover new active ingredients for Public Health Products that will be effective against mosquitoes which transmit diseases such as malaria.
- Subsidiary Nunhems, global specialist in vegetable genetics and services, opens research & development station in La Palma, Cartagena, Spain.
- Series of long-term business agreements with DuPont related to key plant biotechnology traits.
- Cross licensing agreement with Monsanto on herbicide tolerance traits in rapeseed/canola.
- Long-term alliance with the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia's national research organization, aimed at improving the productivity and sustainability of cereal production utilizing modern techniques.
- New centre of innovation northeast of Saskatoon/Canada, dedicated to the research, development and breeding of canola/oilseed.

2008
- License agreement with Sirtris Pharmaceuticals Inc. that grants exclusive, worldwide rights in the field of plants to a certain Sirtris technology which contributes to cellular life span extension and stress resistance.
- Letter of intent with the Ministry of Agriculture of Indonesia regarding cooperation in research, development and dissemination of hybrid rice technology in Indonesia.
- As part of the "food chain partnership" Bayer CropScience supports the "Eat in Colour" campaign initiated by the British Fresh Produce Consortium.
- Exclusive agreement with Monsanto on a new cutting-edge fungicide seed treatment for corn.
- New rice research laboratory in Singapore.
- New rice development center in Suphanburi, Thailand. Thailand is the world’s largest exporter of rice, and exports over 60% of the rice produced in the country.
- Nunhems, vegetable seed business, to invest €15 million in the expansion of its U.S. facilities in Parma, Idaho.
- Memorandum of Understanding with the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences on agricultural research for joint development and global marketing of agricultural products. Joint projects using the latest technologies in the areas of plant breeding, genetics, genomics and seed production.

2007
- Agreement of up to 10 years with Plant Health Care Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Plant Health Care plc, to develop new seed treatment solutions based on Plant Health Care's Myconate technology in combination with Bayer CropScience´s seed treatment products.
- Acquisition of Unilever's tomato seed business by Nunhems.
- Research and development collaboration with Evogene Ltd. for rice.
- Agreement to purchase Stoneville Pedigreed Seed Company, a leading US provider of cotton seeds, from Monsanto Company for $310 million.
- Series of long-term business and licensing agreements with Monsanto related to key enabling agricultural technologies.
- Nunhems, vegetable seed business, acquires the assets of the South Korean vegetable seed company SeedEx which specializes in the breeding, production and marketing of Hot pepper and Brassica varieties. Both crops belong to the most important vegetable crops in Asia in terms of acreage and consumption.
- Agreement with the Innovative Vector Control Consortium to collaborate on two projects aimed at finding new effective solutions in the fight against malaria and other vector borne diseases.
- Licensing agreement with Senesco Technologies Inc. for exclusive, worldwide rights to Senesco's proprietary gene technology for use in rice and cotton.
- Concluded long-term agreement with Geosys S.A. to pursue ongoing development of innovative information systems for agricultural use.
- Vegetable seed business Nunhems acquires all assets relating to the asparagus breeding program from the Dutch Teboza Research, part of the Teboza Group.
- €60 million investment in new plant for the production of methane phosphonous acid n-butyl ester at the Knapsack Chemical Park near Cologne.
- Longterm collaboration agreement with Mertec LLC and M.S. Technologies LLC to jointly develop and commercialize several innovative trait technology products in soybeans.
- Series of business and license agreements with Euralis Semences S.A. to cooperate in the development of new winter oilseed rape hybrid seed products destined for use by European farmers.
- Vegetable seed business Nunhems has acquires the U.S. seed company Paragon Seed Inc.

2006
- Bayer Innovation GmbH, a subsidiary of the Bayer Group engaged in developing new fields of business, acquires Icon Genetics AG, a biotech company headquartered in Munich, Germany.
- Collaboration with Cresset BioMolecular Discovery Ltd to exploit Cresset’s molecular field technology for the discovery of new agrochemicals.
- Bayer CropScience acquires the rights to FMC Corporation’s insecticides discovery pipeline.
- Bayer BioScience NV, a Belgian subsidiary of Bayer CropScience and Cellectis S.A., the French rational genome engineering company, in an agreement for accessing to Cellectis' proprietary custom-made Meganuclease genome engineering technology for use in plant research and to develop products for use in agriculture.
- Multi-year research agreement with Magellan BioScience Group to identify novel crop protection candidates from marine microbial sources.
- Multi-year supply and distribution agreement with Nufarm for DFF (diflufenican) and DFF-based products in Europe.
- Bayer CropScience sales certain crop protection products, including the systemic carbamate herbicidal active ingredient Asulam (brand names Asulox, Asilan), to United Phosphorous Limited, Mumbai, India, for €43.5 million including inventories.
- DuPont Crop Protection acquires access to the Bayer CropScience products Isoxadifen and Isoxaflutole for use with DuPont’s corn sulfonylurea products, including Steadfast, Accent, Stout and Resolve brands. Bayer CropScience, in turn, gains access to participation in the Pioneer TruChoice program and to co-promote its Liberty/Liberty Link program with Pioneer.
- Exclusive license agreement with Senesco Technologies Inc. for use of Senesco's gene technology in Canola and Brassica oilseeds.
- Multi-year distribution agreement with Cheminova A/S for DFF (diflufenican) mixture products in Europe.
- Bayer CropScience purchases the assets of California Planting Cotton Seed Distributors, Bakersfield, California, and the assets of Reliance Genetics LLC, Harlingen, Texas.

2005
- Alliance with Cargill to provide market with speciality canola oil.
- Agreement with the Max Planck Society and their affiliate Garching Innovation GmbH, Germany, and Monsanto Company that resolves long-standing patent interference or other proceedings in different countries involving the use of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation to create transgenic crops. Agrobacterium transformation technology allows scientists to transfer DNA to plant cells.
- Bayer CropScience purchases the assets of Associated Farmers Delinting Inc., a regional cotton seed production and processing company based in Littlefield, Texas.
- Multi-year, non-exclusive Imidacloprid insecticide supply contract with Cheminova for agricultural and non-agricultural applications (excluding Animal Health uses).
- Multi-year, non-exclusive supply agreement with Makhteshim Agan Industries for the insecticide Imidacloprid for agricultural and non-agricultural markets (excluding Animal Health uses).
- Arysta LifeScience acquires amitraz, a broad spectrum acaricide and selective insecticide, trade name Mitac, for global distribution; exclusive license for marketing fluoxastrobin, a fungicide, for crop uses in the U.S., Canada and Japan as well as an exclusive license for marketing the compound globally for non-crop uses such as on turf and ornamentals; and co-exclusive license to co-market deltamethrin, a pyrethroid insecticide, in the U.S. crop protection market. Bayer CropScience supplies Arysta LifeScience with fluoxastrobin for sale in these markets as well as with tebuconazole for in-can mixtures with fluoxastrobin in the US.
- Bayer CropScience divests soybeans and corn seeds operations in Brazil to the international grain and agribusiness company Nidera and invests further in growing cotton and rice operations in Brazil.
- Co-development agreement with Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd., Japan, for a new compound to combat rice blast.
- €5 million in a new seed processing facility in Lethbridge, Calgary, Canada.

2004
- Bayer CropScience in the U.S. and Canada sign agreements to purchase Crompton Corporation's 50% share of the Gustafson seed treatment business in the United States, Canada and Mexico for $124 million in cash.
- Bayer fulfills contractual obligation by selling the 15% interest in KWS Saat AG that passed into its ownership when acquired Aventis CropScience in 2002 to private investors Tessner Beteiligungs GmbH and Dr. Arend Oetker.
- New plant biotechnology innovation center in Gent, Belgium.

2003
- Bayer CropScience AG sells additional crop protection products to Israel based agrochemicals company Makhteshim-Agan Industries Ltd.
- Agreement with the Whitehead Institute/MIT Center for Genome Research on further research into the genome of the fungal corn pest Ustilago maydis (common corn smut).
- Sale of a package of selected insecticides and fungicides to BASF AG while retaining certain back-licenses for non-agricultural applications.
- Broad-reaching business agreement with Monsanto that dismisses several long-pending lawsuits and resolves several outstanding patent disputes between the companies.
- Licensing deal with The Max Planck Society, a German research funding organization, and its technology transfer agency Garching Innovation GmbH for exclusive licensee of the Agrobacterium transformation technology.

Before 2003
- 1851: "Green Pharmacy" founded by Ernst Schering, Berlin (Germany).
- 1863: "Friedrich Bayer et comp." founded by Friedrich Bayer and Johann Friedrich Weskott, Wuppertal (Germany).
- 1893: Farbwerke Meister, Lucius & Brüning, Höchst (Germany) founded.
- 1895: Société Chimique des Usines du Rhône founded in Lyon (France).
- 1924: Bayer Crop Protection research department established.
- 1968: Hoechst acquires 40% in Roussel Uclaf/Procida, raising its participation to a majority stake in 1978 and to 100% in 1997.
- 1979: Start of construction of the Agricultural Center in Monheim (Germany), today Bayer CropScience's headquarters.
- 1986: Hoechst acquires Nunza vegetable seeds, Haelen (Netherlands), today a subsidiary of Bayer CropScience. Agricultural Division of Union Carbide, Research Triangle Park, NC (USA) acquired by Rhône-Poulenc.
- 1991: Roussel Uclaf purchases Wellcome plc's environmental health business.
- 1994: Roussel Uclaf donates US patent rights for the abortifacient mifepristone to Population Council Inc. in exchange for immunity from any product liability claims.
- 1996: Plant Genetic Systems research center in Gent (Belgium) acquired by AgrEvo.
- 1997: Acquisition of Sunseeds by Nunhems.
- 1999: Proagro, based in Gurgaon (India), acquired by AgrEvo.
- 2002: Acquisition of the Belgian biotech company Plant Genetic Systems.
- 2001: Bayer CropScience researchers are the first to establish a genomic map of the phytopathogenic fungus Ustilago maydis.

Products

2009
- New herbicidal active ingredient Indaziflam, chemical class of alkylazines.
- €30 million in the expansion of production capacities for the active ingredient Prothioconazole at the Chemical Park in Dormagen. Prothioconazole is approved in more than 40 countries for use in cereals, canola, soybeans, pulses and groundnuts. Products based on Prothioconazole were among Bayer CropScience’s ten most important products worldwide, with sales of €246 million in 2008.
- New fungicidal active ingredient fluopyram. Initial marketing authorization in United States expected in 2010.
- The U.S. Department of Agriculture grants approval for the GlyTol glyphosate-tolerant technology.

2008
- Fluopicolide receives regulatory approval in Japan and the United States.
- Launch of Arize Dhani, the world's first hybrid rice variety resistant to the dreaded bacterial leaf blight disease, in India.
- The Belgian authorities grants the registration for Infinito (Fluopicolide + Propamocarb-HCl) for use against late blight (Phytophthora infestans) in potatoes. Already approved fluopicolide products, for example Germany, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Japan and China.

2007
- Launch of herbicide Laudis (Tembotrione) and a combi-pack sold as Laudis Plus (tembotrione + terbutylazine) in Austria.
- Regulatory approval of Infinito (Fluopicolide) in Poland, Germany and Austria.
- Launch of the "Flavour Guarantee" Programme in cooperation with the non-governmental organization HortiBrasil, in Bazil. Joined More than 400 growers (grapes, melons and pineapples). The "Flavour Guarantee" program also works with children in schools to teach them about healthy eating with sweet fruit.
- Launch program for Brazil comprises 8 active ingredients, including the broad-spectrum insecticide Flubendiamide (Belt), the new corn herbicide Tembotrione (Soberan), the fungicide Prothioconazole (Proline) and the insecticidal ingredient Spirotetramat (Movento).
- Commercial launch in Brazil of Arize and Atento, unique solution for the management of Asian rust.
- Launch in Canada, in alliance with Cargill, of new hybrid canola line, InVigor Health, specifically developed for the North American specialty canola oil market.
- First regulatory approval for Huskie, new cereal herbicidal active ingredient pyrasulfotole from the Environmental Protection Agency in the United States.
- Regulatory approval for Fame, new insecticidal active ingredient flubendiamide in India. Also recently granted full regulatory approval in the Philippines and Pakistan, where it is marketed as Fenos and Belt respectively. The active ingredient was jointly developed for global marketing by Bayer and Nihon Nohyaku Co. Ltd., Japan. It belongs to the chemical class of benzenedicarboxamides and can be used to combat caterpillar pests in cotton, fruit and vegetables, nuts, grapes, corn and rice.
- First regulatory approval for new insecticidal active ingredient spirotetramat from the authorities in Tunisia.
- Thiencarbazone-methyl, new sulfonyl-amino-carbonyl-triazolinone for preemergence weed control in corn.

2006
- Clothianidin, brand name Poncho, active ingredient for insecticidal seed treatment developed jointly with Sumitomo Chemical Takeda Agro Company, approved in the European Union.
- Approval for new insecticide Oberon for use in vegetables and cotton in Brazil.
- Bayer CropScience concentrates production of crop protection agents in Brazil on Belford Roxo plant.
- Marketing authorization for active ingredients prothioconazole and fluoxastrobin in France.
- Infinito (Fluopicolide) launch in China, Korea and the United Kingdom.

2005
- The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency grants emergency exemption approval for the use of Stratego fungicide (Trifloxystrobin + Propiconazole) for control of Asian soybean rust.
- Launched new Nativo fungicide in Brazil as the first market world wide.
- Launched the strobilurin fungicide fluoxastrobin in combination with prothioconazole as Fandango in Germany, the UK and Ireland.
- New class of herbicide formulations named ODesi launched in Poland and Ukraine as the first markets world wide.
- Poland, the first country where Alister, state-of-the-art autumn herbicide, is placed on the market.
- Grodyl maxi, using the ODesi formulation technology, launched in Ukraine.
- Fungicide fluopicolide gains first registrations in the UK and China.

2004
- France’s Minister of Agriculture, Hervé Gaymard, decides to suspend the marketing authorization for Gaucho for maize in France.
- Prothioconazole, a member of the new class of triazolinethiones, first approved in Germany under the trademark Proline.

2003
- French Minister of Agriculture, Hervé Gaymard decides to maintain the registration of seed treatment product Gaucho (active ingredient imidacloprid) in maize.
- Approval of insecticidal seed treatment Ponchoâ, Clothianidin, maize and canola, in the USA and Canada. Result from an ongoing development cooperation with Sumitomo Chemical Takeda Agro Co. Ltd.
- Poncho receives first marketing authorizations as a seed dressing for corn starting in the USA, Canada, Argentina, Hungaria, Germany and Austria.

Before 2003
- 1893: World's first synthetic insecticide, antinonnin, launched by Bayer.
- 1951: First systemic insecticide Systox (demeton) launched by Bayer.
- 1988: Fungicide tebuconazole launched by Bayer under the brand name Folicur. Safener technology developed in Frankfurt.
- 1989: First field trials with genetically modified tobacco conducted in France.
- 1991: Imidacloprid insecticide launched by Bayer under the brand names Confidor and Gaucho.
- 1992: Gaucho is registered in France for use as a seed treatment in maize.
- 1994: Gaucho is registered in France for use as a seed treatment in sunflower.
- 1995: LibertyLink system (glufosinate selective) registered for oilseed rape (canola) in Canada.
- 1997: Gaucho is accused of being a cause for the decline in the bee populations in certain regions of France.
- 2001: Mikado (sulcotrione) herbicide and Flint (trifloxystrobin) fungicide line acquired by Bayer Crop Protection.

Executive Committee

Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Friedrich Berschauer
- Chairman of the Board of Directors since March 2008.
- Chairman of the Board of Management since April 2004.
- Head of the animal nutrition department of Bayer AG at the Pharmaceuticals Research Center in Wuppertal (1980).
- Head of Development in the Bayer's Crop Protection Business Group (1993).
- President of the Animal Health Division of Bayer Corporation in US (1998).
- General Manager of the Animal Health Business Group at Bayer AG (2000).
- "What is needed is nothing less than a 'second green revolution'" - (Monheim, April 2009).
- "Enabling a second green revolution in Asia with new, high-yielding rice varieties" - (Thailand, November, 2008).
- "Furthermore, we want to intensify our research and development activities in Asia and bring a number of new rice varieties with improved plant traits to market" - (Thailand, November 2008). More than 90% of the rice produced in the world come from Asian countries such as China, India, Indonesia, Vietnam and Thailand.

Dr. Rüdiger Scheitza
- Board of Management, Head of Portfolio Management and Labor Director since July 2004.
- Positions in Applications Technology and Consulting in the former Crop Protection Business Group (1982).
- Head of Marketing in Western Europe and Head of Global Registration for crop protection products (1993).
- Responsible for Bayer Vital’s crop protection business in Germany, Austria and Switzerland (1997-1998).
- "What we need is nothing less than a second green revolution" - (Monheim, September 2008).

William Buckner
- Executive Committee as Head of the Business Operations unit Crop Protection North America since April 2006.
- Bachelor of Science degree in Agricultural Economics from the University of Missouri-Columbia in 1979.
- Retail Sales Representative of USS Agricultural Chemicals, a subsidiary of U.S. Steel Corporation.
- Commerce BankShares (1980-1984).
- Various positions and National Sales Manager with Pitman-Moore Inc. (1984-1993).
- Bayer's Marketing Executive in the Companion Animal Heath business in Kansas (1993).
- Bayer's Animal Health Business Group as a Business Development Manager in Germany (1996).
- Vice President / General Manager of Bayer's Canadian Agricultural business in Toronto (1998).
- President/CEO of Bayer CropScience Inc. in Calgary (2002).
- Senior Vice President of Commercial Operations for Bayer CropScience LLC in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (2004).
- Country Head for the U.S. crop protection business (2005).

Dr. Pascal Housset
- Head of the Business Operations unit Environmental Science and member of the Executive Committee since 2002.
- PhD in molecular biology when doing research at the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in 1976.
- CEO of Hoechst Roussel Agrovet, Somerville, USA (1979).
- Head of the Agrovet division of Roussel Uclaf in Paris (1990).
- Executive Vice President of Rhone-Poulenc Agro heading the Global Marketing and Manufacturing (1995).
- Chairman of the Board of Directors of Aventis Environmental Science S.A. (2000).

Dr. Alexander Klausener
- Executive Committee as Head of Research effective since April 2006.
- Laboratory manager in the Bayer's Corporate Research Center in Uerdingen, Germany (1984).
- Laboratory manager in the Crop Protection Business Group at Chemical Research Fungicides (1987).
- Various positions in the Organic Chemicals Business Group and Head of Fine Chemicals Research (1989-2002).
- Head of Global Fungicides Chemistry in Bayer CropScience (2002).
- Head of Research in France and Head of Global Fungicides Research.

Bernd Naaf
- Executive Committee and responsible for the Business Operations unit Crop Protection Asia Pacific based in Singapore since October 2004.
- Bayer AG's Commercial Training Program (1978).
- Positions in Sales and Marketing, and Sales Supervisor in the UK (1984-1987).
- General Manager for the Bayer Crop Protection business UK and Ireland (1991-1995).
- Head of Business Planning and Administration (1995-1998).
- Global Marketing of the Animal Health Business Group (1998).
- Senior Vice President of the Bayer CropScience Business Operations in the United States (2003).

Marc Reichardt
- Executive Committee as Head of the Business Operations unit Crop Protection Latin America since April 2006.
- Sales representative at Bayer Hispania S.A. (1985) and Regional Manager for Spain.
- Country Manager of Bayer in Poland (1992).
- Product Manager for rice herbicides of Bayer AG in Germany (1996).
- Country Manager for Argentina of Bayer S.A. (1999).
- Head of Brazil and the Mercosur Region at the Crop Protection Business Group (2003).

Dr. Wolfgang Welter
- Board of Management and responsible for Industrial Operations and Quality, Health, Safety and Environment since July 2004.
- Various functions and international assignments, within Industrial Operations for the Divisions Crop Protection and Fine Chemicals in Hoechst AG (1977).
- Head of Production Active Ingredients at Agrevo in Frankfurt (1994-1999).
- Head of Manufacturing at Aventis CropScience, France.

Hugh Grant
- Vice-Chairman of the Board.
- Chairman and CEO of Monsanto.
- Board of Trustees of the Donald Danforth Plant Science Center and Washington University in St. Louis.
- Board Director of PPG Industries Inc.
- Member of the President's Advisory Group of CropLife International.
- Member of Civic Progress.
- Board of Commissioners of the St. Louis Science Center.
- International Advisory Board Member of Scottish Enterprise.

J. Erik Fyrwald
- Chairman of the Board of Directors until Chairman and CEO of water treatment services company Nalco in February 2008.
- Formerly DuPont Group Vice-President for Agriculture and Nutrition.
]]> https://ameblo.jp/kyoufunoegao/entry-10518188809.html Mon, 05 Apr 2010 00:00:00 +0900 Novartis - People (2009)

Board of Directors
Daniel Vasella, M.D.
- Chief Executive Officer and Executive member of the Board of Directors since 1996; Chairman of the Board of Directors since 1999.
- Member of Bilderberg Group (1998, 1999, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2008).
- Board of Directors of Pepsico Inc., New York, and Alcon Inc., Switzerland.
- Global Health Program Advisory Panel of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
- Foreign honorary member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the International Business Leaders Advisory Council for the Mayor of Shanghai, and the International Board of Governors of the Peres Center for Peace in Israel.
- CEO of Sandoz Pharmaceuticals Corporation (1988-1996).
- Honored with the Harvard Business School's Alumni Achievement Award and Appeal of Conscience Award, the AJ Congress Humanitarian Award, the Ordem Nacional do Cruzeiro do Sul (Brazil), and rank of Chevalier in the Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur (France).
- Honorary doctorate by the University of Basel.
- M.D. from the University of Bern, Switzerland (1979).

Ulrich Lehner, Ph.D.
- Vice Chairman, Lead Director and Chairman of the Corporate Governance and Nomination Committee; Audit and Compliance Committee, the Chairman's Committee and the Compensation Committee; Appointed as Audit Committee Financial Expert; Board of Directors since 2002.
- Chairman of the supervisory board of Deutsche Telekom AG.
- Supervisory board of E.ON AG, of Thyssen Krupp AG, of HSBC Trinkaus & Burkhardt KGaA and of Porsche Automobil Holding SE, all in Germany.
- Shareholders' committee of Henkel AG & Co. KGaA and Oetker KG (Germany).
- Auditor with KPMG Deutsche Treuhand-Gesellschaft AG in Duesseldorf (1975-1981).
- Krupp GmbH in Germany (1983-1986).
- Heads the Management Holding Henkel Asia-Pacific Ltd., Hong Kong (1991-1994)
- Finance Director, Executive Vice President, Finance/Logistics (1995-2000) and Chairman of the Management Board (2000-2008) of Henkel KGaA.
- Graduated in business administration and mechanical engineering from the Darmstadt University of Technology (1975).

Hans-Joerg Rudloff
- Vice Chairman and Chairman of the Compensation Committee; Chairman's Committee and the Audit and Compliance Committee; Audit Committee Financial Expert; Board of Directors since 1996.
- Boards of Directors of the Thyssen-Bornemisza Group, Monaco, and RBC, Russia.
- Chairman of the International Capital Markets Association, Switzerland, since 2005.
- Board of Directors and Chairman of the audit committee of Rosneft, a Russian state-controlled oil company, since 2006.
- Chairman of the Board of Directors of Bluebay Asset Management Ltd., United Kingdom, and the Marcuard Group, Switzerland.
- Board of directors of New World Resources B.V., Netherlands.
- Advisory boards of Landeskreditbank Baden-Wuerttemberg and Energie Baden-Wuerttemberg, both in Germany.
- Credit Suisse, Geneva (1965).
- New York-based investment banking firm of Kidder Peabody Inc. (1968).
- Chairman of Kidder Peabody International.
- Board of Directors of Kidder Peabody Inc., United States (1978).
- Joined (1980); Vice Chairman (1983); Chairman and CEO (1989) at Credit Suisse First Boston, Switzerland.
- Executive board of Credit Suisse in Zurich, in charge of all securities and capital-market departments, (1986-1990).
- Chairman of MCBBL in Luxembourg (1994-1998).
- Board of Directors of Sandoz AG since 1994.
- Chairman of Barclays Capital (UK) since 1998.
- Economics at the University of Bern.

William Brody, M.D., Ph.D.
- President of the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, U.S., until the end of 2008.
- President-designate of the Salk Institute in La Jolla, U.S.
- Professor for Radiology and Electrical Engineering at Stanford University and Professor and Director of the Department of Radiology at the Johns Hopkins University.
- Boards of Directors of IBM, AEGON U.S. and Mercantile Bankshares Corporation.
- B.S. and M.S. degrees in electrical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
- M.D. and Ph.D. at Stanford University.

Srikant Datar, Ph.D.
- Board of Directors since 2003.
- Chairman of the Audit and Compliance Committee and a member of the Compensation Committee.
- Appointed him as Audit Committee Financial Expert.
- Board of Directors of ICF International Inc., Virginia, and KPIT Cummins Infosystems Ltd., India.
- Arthur Lowes Dickinson Professorship at Harvard University.
- Chartered Accountant and two master's degrees and a Ph.D. from Stanford University.
- Professor at the Carnegie Mellon University, Stanford University and Harvard University.
- Senior Associate Dean at the Graduate School of Business Administration of Harvard.
- Advisor and work with numerous renowned firms such as General Motors, Mellon Bank and Morgan Stanley in research, development and training.
- Graduated in mathematics and economics from the University of Bombay (1973).

Ann Fudge
- Board of Directors since 2008.
- Member of the Corporate Governance and Nomination Committee.
- Board of Directors of General Electric, Connecticut.
- Board of Overseers of Harvard University.
- Trustee of the Rockefeller Foundation and of Morehouse College.
- Chair of the U.S. Programs Advisory Panel of the Gates Foundation.
- Former Chairman and CEO of Young & Rubicam Brands.
- President of the Beverages, Desserts and Post Division of Kraft Foods.
- B.A. from Simmons College and M.B.A. from Harvard University Graduate School of Business.

Alexandre F. Jetzer
- - Head of International Coordination, Legal & Taxes and a member of the Executive Committee (1996-1999); Board of Directors since 1996.
- Member of the supervisory board of Compagnie Financière Michelin, Switzerland, and of the board of the Lucerne Festival Foundation, Switzerland.
- Member of the International Advisory Panel on Biotechnology Strategy of the Prime Minister of Malaysia, a member of the Investment Advisory Council of the Prime Minister of Turkey and economic advisor to the Governor of Guangdong Province, China.
- Member of the Development Committee of the Neuroscience Center of the University of Zurich, Switzerland.
- General Secretary of the Swiss Federation of Commerce and Industry (1967-1980).
- Joined Sandoz in 1980, Chief Financial Officer in 1981, and Head of Management Resources and International Coordination in 1990.
- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Sandoz Pharmaceuticals Corporation in East Hanover, New Jersey, and President and CEO of Sandoz Corporation in New York (1995-1996).
- Graduated with master's degrees in law and economics from the University of Neuchâtel, Switzerland, and licensed attorney.

Pierre Landolt
- Board of Directors since 1996.
- Member of the Corporate Governance and Nomination Committee.
- Chairman of the Sandoz Family Foundation and Director of Syngenta AG.
- Partner with unlimited liabilities of the private bank Landolt & Cie.
- President of the Instituto Fazenda Tamanduá, the Instituto Estrela de Fomento ao Microcrédito, AxialPar Ltda and Moco Agropecuaria Ltda, in Brazil.
- Chairman of Emasan AG and Vaucher Manufacture Fleurier S.A. and Vice-Chairman of Parmigiani Fleurier S.A., in Switzerland.
- Director of EcoCarbone S.A. and Amazentis S.A..
- Formerly Chairman of the CITCO Group (1995-2005).
- Vice-Chairman of the Montreux Jazz Festival Foundation.
- Sandoz Brazil S.A. (1974-1976).
- Associate and Chairman of AxialPar Ltda, Brazil, an investment company focused on sustainable development, with investments in fish farming, soybean for human consumption and organic vegetable, since 1997.
- Co-founded EcoCarbone S.A., France, a company active in the design and development of carbon-sequestration processes in Asia, Africa, South America and Europe (2000).
- Co-founded Amazentis S.A., start-up company active in the convergence space of medication and nutrition (2007).
- President of the Sandoz Family Foundation since 1994 and oversees the development of the foundation in several investment fields, inter alia hotel, watch making and telecommunications.
- Bachelor degree in law from the University of Paris-Assas.

Andreas von Planta, Ph.D.
- Board of Directors since 2006.
- Member of the Audit and Compliance Committee and the Corporate Governance and Nomination Committee.
- Vice Chairman of Holcim Ltd. and of the Schweizerische National-Versicherungs-Gesellschaft AG, both in Switzerland.
- Member of the boards of various Swiss subsidiaries of foreign companies and other non-listed Swiss companies.
- Member of the board of editors of the Swiss Review of Business Law and former Chairman of the Geneva Association of Business Law.
- Chairman of the regulatory board of the SIX Swiss Exchange AG.
- Joined (1983); Partner (1988) at Lenz & Staehelin.
- Ph.D. degree from the University of Basel and LL.M. from Columbia University School of Law, New York.

Dr. Ing. Wendelin Wiedeking
- Board of Directors since 2003.
- Chairman of the executive board of Porsche Automobil Holding SE and Porsche AG, Germany.
- Supervisory board of Volkswagen AG and AUDI AG, Germany.
- Graduated in mechanical engineering (1978).
- Scientific assistant in the Machine Tool Laboratory of the Rhine-Westphalian College of Advanced Technology in Aachen, Germany.
- Director's Assistant in the Production and Materials Management area of Porsche AG in Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen (1983).
- Division Manager in Wiesbaden (1988) at Glyco Metall-Werke KG; Chief Executive Officer (1990); Chairman of the Board of Management of Glyco AG.
- Production Director (1991); spokesman of the executive board and CEO (1992); Chairman (1993) of Porsche AG.

Marjorie M. Yang
- Member of the Compensation Committee; Board of Directors since 2008.
- Chairman of the Esquel Group, Hong Kong, since 1995.
- Boards of Directors of Swire Pacific Ltd., CLP Holdings and The Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Ltd., Hong Kong.
- Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Chairman of the Textile and Clothing Sector Committee, Vice Chairman of the China Association of Enterprises with Foreign Investment and a member of the M.I.T. Corporation.
- Board of Dean's Advisors of Harvard Business School.
- Associate in Corporate Finance, Mergers and Acquisitions with the First Boston Corporation in New York (1976-1978).
- B.S. in mathematics from Massachusetts Institute of Technology and M.B.A. from Harvard Business School.

Rolf M. Zinkernagel, M.D.
- Member of the Corporate Governance and Nomination Committee; Board of Directors since 1999.
- Member of the Swiss Society of Allergy and Immunology and the American Associations of Immunologists and of Pathologists.
- Member of the Advisory Council of BMS Singapore.
- Past President of the executive board of the International Union of Immunological Societies.
- Member of the scientific advisory boards of Bio-Alliance AG, Germany; Aravis General Partner Ltd., Cayman Islands; Telormedix, Switzerland; Esbatech, Switzerland; Novimmune, Switzerland; Cancevir, Switzerland; xbiotech, Canada; Nuvo Research Inc., Canada; ImVision, Germany; MannKind, California; and Laboratoire Koch, Switzerland.
- Science consultant to Chilka Ltd., Grand Cayman; Ganymed, Germany; and Zhen-Ao Group, China.
- Member of the Advisory Panel of Swiss Re, Switzerland.
- Professor and Director of the Institute of Experimental Immunology at the University of Zurich (1992-2008).
- Nobel Prize for Medicine (1996).
- M.D. from the University of Basel (1970).

Executive Committee

Raymund Breu, Ph.D.
- Chief Financial Officer and Member of the Executive Committee since 1996.
- Joined the Treasury Department of the Sandoz Group (1975); Head of Finance for the Sandoz affiliates in the U.K. (1982); Chief Financial Officer of Sandoz Corporation in New York, where responsible for all Finance activities in the U.S. (1985); Group Treasurer of Sandoz Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (1990); Head of Group Finance and Member of the Sandoz Executive Board (1993).
- Board of Directors of Swiss Re and the Swiss takeover commission.
- Ph.D. in mathematics from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, Switzerland.

Juergen Brokatzky-Geiger, Ph.D.
- Head of Human Resources since 2003 and Member of the Executive Committee since 2005.
- Laboratory Head in the Pharmaceuticals Division of Ciba-Geigy Ltd. (1983); Positions of increasing responsibility in Research and Development including Group Leader of Process R&D; Head of Process R&D; Head of Process Development and Pilot Plant Operations; Integration Officer of Technical Operations during the merger (1996); Head of Chemical and Analytical Development and Global Head of Technical R&D (1999-2003).
- Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of Freiburg, Germany (1982).

Mark C. Fishman, M.D.
- From the NIBR headquarters in Cambridge, Massachusetts, leads the worldwide discovery research activities in Europe, the United States and China; President of Institutes for BioMedical Research and Member of the Executive Committee since 2002.
- Chief of Cardiology and Director of the Cardiovascular Research Center at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston.
- Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School.
- Serves on several editorial boards and has worked with national policy and scientific committees, including those of the U.S. National Institutes of Health and the Wellcome Trust.
- Internal medicine residency, chief residency and cardiology
training at Massachusetts General Hospital.
- Pre-eminent in the fields of genetic and molecular cardiology, with a principal focus on embryonic heart development.
- Best known for his studies in developmental genetics, in particular his role in introducing the zebra fish as a model for gene discovery.
- B.A. from Yale College (1972) and M.D. from Harvard Medical School (1976).
- Member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies (US) and Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Joseph Jimenez
- CEO of the Pharmaceuticals Division and member of the Executive Committee since 2007.
- Began his career at The Clorox Company, California.
- President of two operating divisions at ConAgra, Nebraska.
- President and Chief Executive Officer of the North America business of the H.J. Heinz Company, Pennsylvania.
- President and Chief Executive Officer of Heinz in Europe (2002-2006).
- Non-executive director of AstraZeneca plc, United Kingdom, (2002-2007).
- Advisor for the private equity organization Blackstone Group, New York.
- B.A. from Stanford University (1982) and M.B.A. from the University of California, Berkeley (1984).

Joerg Reinhardt, Ph.D.
- Head of Preclinical Development and Project Management (1996); Head of Pharmaceutical Development (1999); Head of the Vaccines and Diagnostics Division (2006-2008); Chief Operating Officer since 2008; Member of the Executive Committee since 2007.
- Positions of increasing responsibility in Research and Development (1982); Head of Development (1994) for Sandoz Pharma Ltd..
- Board of Directors of the Genomics Institute of the Novartis Foundation in La Jolla, California.
- Ph.D. in pharmaceutical sciences from the University of Saarbruecken, Germany (1981).

Andreas Rummelt, Ph.D.
- Group Head of Quality Assurance and Technical Operations since 2008 and Member of the Executive Committee since 2006.
- Positions of increasing responsibility in Development at Sandoz Pharma Ltd. (1985).
- Head of Worldwide Technical Research and Development since 1994.
- Head of Technical Operations of the Novartis Pharmaceuticals Division (1999-2004)
- Head of Sandoz (2004-2008).
- Ph.D. in pharmaceutical sciences from the University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Germany.

Thomas Wellauer, Ph.D.
- Head of Corporate Affairs since 2006 and Member of the Executive Committee since 2007.
- Partner (1991) and Senior Partner (1996) of McKinsey and Company, Switzerland.
- CEO (1997) of the Winterthur Insurance Group, Switzerland, and member of the Group Executive Board when acquired by Credit Suisse.
- Member of the Supervisory Board of Munich RE.
- Ph.D. in systems engineering and M.S. in chemical engineering from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, Switzerland.
- M.B.A. from the University of Zurich.

Thomas Werlen, Ph.D.
- General Counsel since 2006.
- Member of the Executive Committee since 2008.
- Joined law firm Lenz & Staehelin in Zurich in 1990.
- Joined Cravath, Swaine & Moore in New York in 1995.
- Partner in the London office of Allen & Overy in 2001.
- Ph.D. degree in law from the University of Zurich and master degree in law from Harvard Law School.
- Member of the regulatory board of the SIX Swiss Exchange AG.

David Epstein
- Head of Oncology and Molecular Diagnostics and Permanent attendee of the Executive Committee since 2008.
- Associate in the Strategy Practice of the consulting firm Booz Allen Hamilton in the United States.
- Leadership positions of increasing responsibility in Sandoz since 1989.
- Chief Operating Officer of Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation in the U.S. and Head of Novartis Specialty Medicines.
- B.S. in pharmacy from Rutgers University College of Pharmacy (1984) and M.B.A. in finance and marketing from the Columbia University Graduate School of Business (1987).

Jeff George
- CEO of the Sandoz Division and Permanent attendee of the Executive Committee of Novartis since 2008.
- Head of Commercial Operations for Western and Eastern Europe in the Vaccines Division in 2007.
- Head of Emerging Markets for the Middle East, Africa, Southeast Asia and CIS at Novartis Pharma.
- Senior Director of Strategy and Business Development at Gap Inc. in San Francisco, and McKinsey and Company in San Francisco (2001-2004).
- M.A. from the Johns Hopkins University's School of Advanced International Studies (1999).
- M.B.A. from Harvard University (2001).

George Gunn
- Member of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons.
- Head of Novartis Animal Health, North America (2003).
- Head of the Novartis Animal Health Business Unit since 2004.
- CEO of the Novartis Consumer Health Division and Permanent attendee of the Executive Committee since 2008.
- President of Pharmacia Animal Health, based in the United States.
- Positions of increasing responsibility in healthcare companies for more than 15 years.
- Bachelor of veterinary medicine and surgery degree and a diploma in veterinary state medicine from the Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies in Edinburgh, UK (1973).
- Honorary doctorate in veterinary medicine and surgery from the University of Edinburgh (2008).

Andrin Oswald, M.D.
- CEO of the Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics Division and Permanent attendee of the Executive Committee since 2008.
- McKinsey and Company, Switzerland.
- Head of the Country Pharma Organization.
- M.D. from the University of Geneva, Switzerland, in 1999.
- Delegate of the International Committee of the Red Cross to Nepal (2002-2003).

Former Members

Douglas G. Watson
- President and CEO of Novartis Corporation (1996-1999).
- President of Ciba-Geigy Pharmaceuticals (1986-1996).
- Senior Vice President of Planning at Ciba US Pharmaceuticals (1981-1986).
- Numerous positions within Geigy (1966-1971) and Ciba-Geigy (1971-1981).
- Board of directors for Engelhard Corporation (1991-2006).
- Founding CEO of Pittencrieff Glen Associates.
- Board chairman of LogonHealth Corporation, Javelin Pharmaceuticals Inc., and OraSure Technologies.
- Board of directors for Dendreon Corporation, ValiGen NV, InforMedix Inc., Summit Bancorp, Dendreon Corporation, ValiGen Corporation, Principia Pharmaceuticals Corporation, BZL Biologics Inc., and BioMimetic Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- President's Advisory Board of Drew University.
- Vice Chairman and Lead Director of Genta Inc.
- Director of Dendreon Corporation.
- Active member of America's Promise.
- Chairman of the Freedom House Foundation.
- Chartered Institute of Management Accountants.
- Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America.

Paul J. Sekhri
- Senior vice president and head of Global Search and Evaluation, Business Development and Licensing for Novartis Pharma AG (1999-2003).
- Head of TPG Biotech since January 2009.
- Board of Directors for ARYx Therapeutics, A.P.T. Pharmaceuticals, and KAI Pharmaceuticals.
- Advisory Board for The BioExec Institute Inc. and advisor to the Brookings Global Health Financing Initiative.
- Board member of the Irvington Institute for Immunological Research, and joined Cancer Research Institute board in October 2007 when the two organizations merged.
- Founder, president and chief executive officer of Cerimon Pharmaceuticals (2004-2008).
- President and chief business officer of ARIAD Pharmaceuticals Inc. (2003-2004).
- Partner for healthcare technology investments in the Sprout Group, the venture affiliate of Credit Suisse First Boston in New York (2002-2003).
- Management positions at Millipore Corporation, PerSeptive Biosystems Inc., Zymark Corporation, and Northeast Consulting Resources Inc.
- B.S. in Zoology and graduate work in neuroscience at the University of Maryland.

Argeris N. ("Jerry") Karabelas, PhD
- Head of Healthcare and CEO of worldwide Pharmaceuticals for Novartis AG (1998-2000).
- Founder and Chairman of the Novartis Bio Venture Fund (2000-2001).
- Board of Directors of Inotek Pharmaceuticals, Human Genome Sciences, SkyePharma Plc, Anadys Cyreniac Pharmaceutical Inc., Minster Pharmaceuticals plc, and Renovo.
- Chairman of Vanda Pharmaceuticals and Nitromed Inc.
- Member of the Scientific Advisory Council of the Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Visiting Committee for Health Sciences and Technology at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
- Trustee of Fox Chase Cancer Center and the Philadelphia University of the Sciences.
- Partner at Care Capital LLC since 2001.
- Executive Vice President Pharmaceuticals (1997-1998), President North American Pharmaceuticals (1993-1997) and Vice President of U.S. Marketing (1990-1993) at SmithKline Beecham.
- Ph.D. in pharmacokinetics from the Massachusetts College of Pharmacy.

Dr. Christine T. Fischette
- Executive Director and Head of Negotiation, Global Business Development and Licensing for various therapeutic Business Franchise Boards at Novartis Pharmaceuticals (1999-2007).
- President of Enzo Therapeutics Inc. since 2008, Enzo Biochem Inc.
- Positions of increasing responsibility at Pfizer Pharmaceuticals, directed preclinical/clinical development, medical marketing, and head of Pfizer's US commercial arm for diabetes (1987-1999).
- Senior Scientist at Hoffmann-La Roche Inc.
- Post-Doctoral Fellow at Rockefeller University.
- Ph.D. in Physiology from the University of Medicine & Dentistry of New Jersey and B.A. in Biology Education from Rutgers University (1973).

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